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… resistance, the Native Affairs Department (NAD) was forced to abolish the Bapedi tribal authority because of a lack of support.  This led to the suspension of Paramount Chief Sekhukhune as Regent for … return home experienced a...sense of betrayal. Many came back heavy-hearted, feeling that their struggles and …

… Native National Congress (SANNC) - which changed its name to the African National Congress (ANC) in 1923 - did not … for success was greater. The ICU failed to promote strike action where it was clearly warranted, and when … or followers of Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey?s back-to-Africa movement. Consequently, the organisation lost …

… Ladies and Gentlemen, First of all, we would like to express our appreciation to the Security Council for agreeing to convene on the question of South Africa. We would also … Address to United Nations Security Council, by Nelson Mandela, 15 …

… by Allison Drew Document 20 - Letter from S. P. Bunting to the Secretary, Communist Party of South Africa, 22 … C.P. P. O .Box 1176, CAPE TOWN. Dear Comrade, In reply to a letter from Com. Roux of the 18th inst., regarding a … signed Thibedi the Executive has hitherto not been able to give any directive because it was itself divided. At our …

… The Riekert Commission was established in response to a crisis faced by the apartheid state, as South African … the Second World War. Consequently, the regime was trying to find ways of increasing productivity and profitability for … be crushed. Therefore, companies and the government had to find a way to allow Black workers to belong to trade …

… justifies the attention people are already giving to it. It should be an occasion for all of the people of the land to join in a unifying celebration that will inspire greater love and loyalty to our country. For some it may be so, but not for others, … Statement by Albert Luthuli to the council of the Institute of Race Relations, 19 …

… 1950, by Allison Drew Document 42 - Leon Trotsky, "Closer to the Proletarians of the Colored' Races!", The Militant, 2 … Prinkipo, June 13, 1932 To the International Secretariat: Copy to the National Committee of the American League: I have … Document 42 - Leon Trotsky, “Closer to the Proletarians of the Colored’ Races!”, The Militant, 2 …

… we have both shed, we extend our deep-felt condolences to Your Excellency, the Government and people of Lesotho and request that Your Excellency convey these condolences to the relatives of the deceased Lesotho nationals. We hereby wish to express our profound appreciation of the reaffirmation by …

… Distinguished guests; Ladies and gentlemen, Our visit to Switzerland would have been incomplete without the opportunity to engage with leaders of the Swiss business community. To be able to do so twice in one day is therefore a special … ADDRESS BY PRESIDENT NELSON MANDELA TO MEMBERS OF THE SWISS-SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION Zurich, 2 …

… and Combatants of MPLA,  Comrades and Friends: We bring to this historic First Congress of the MPLA warmest and most … victories of FRELIMO and MPLA brought southern Africa to the crossroads. But the revolutionary experience … including the peoples of South Africa, who are pledged to fight for the creation of new socio-economic systems which …

… aspirations of posterity while it represents a gateway to the dignity of getting further training and education; … prosperity and the ability for each individual citizen to go out into the competitive, globalised world to carve a career/trade for themselves; ultimately so that …

… history of South Africa, Black trade unions never managed to establish a permanent presence until the emergence of … response, and the ANC, which initially supported the 1958 strike, called for an end to strike action after the first … day Anglo dismissed 10,000 workers, and many were bussed back to the homelands. In total 50,000 workers were sacked. …

… Presidential Address To The Eleventh Annual Conference Of The Natal Indian … the most critical period in their history. The steps taken to implement the Group Areas Act have caused grave concern in … one of the avowed aims of this diabolical legislation is to enforce expatriation and pending which to relegate them …

… we have both shed, we extend our deep-felt condolences to Your Excellency, the Government and people of Lesotho and request that Your Excellency convey these condolences to the relatives of the deceased Lesotho nationals. We hereby wish to express our profound appreciation of the reaffirmation by …

… Congress of South Africa brings you this urgent call to unity and mass action, by political prisoners on Robben Island to all patriots of our motherland. Nelson Mandela and … than 17 years. This message by Nelson Mandela addressed to the struggling masses of our country was written to deal …

… fiefdom. Leopold's administration of the Congo is reputed to have been ruthless and brutal. The decision to transfer the Congo to the Belgian Government followed intense criticism of … II of Belgium hands over the administration of the Congo to the Belgian parliament …

… Congratulations to New Age and its predecessors. Twenty-five years of … in the case of New Age and its predecessors which have had to face all the hardships imposed against them by successive … Since my advent into active politics I have found New Age to be forthright and brave. I have not always agreed with …

… and stunned progressive mankind.  It is a staggering blow to African people and especially to the people of southern Africa, a blow that is felt most … one of its best brains, an unsurpassed fighter who fought to turn southern Africa into a liberated one of humanity, …

… and Peter Molotsi has crossed the border into Bechuanaland to mobilize support for the PAC. International sympathy lay … was highly successful and was the first ever national strike in the country’s history.  In particular, the African … stay away. Policemen in Cape Town were forcing Africans back to work with batons and sjamboks, and four people were …

… the Ford, Carter and Reagan administrations had tried to influence South African governments by working with them … And while it has been alleged that Reagan's indifference to human rights issues in South Africa are best explained by … Reagan, the last of the great Cold Warriors, was trying to contain global communism and what he sincerely believed to …

… the failure of the ruling white minority in South Africa to discard policies which have nothing but destruction and disaster to offer for the future of the country.  The failure is the … mines, he may never return, and if he does he may bring back a broken limb or miner's phthisis. If he goes to work on …

… a normal life, he stayed in the disguise that he had used to run from the law - clothes belonging to his sister. It is said that he terrorised children while … that may have forced him into seclusion and driven him to become a killer. There are also conflicting stories …

… Town , President F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela agreed to reschedule formal talks between the Government and the … National Congress (ANC). The purpose of these talks was to negotiate the adoption of a new democratic constitution for South Africa. The talks were set to take place on 11 April, however the ANC cancelled the …

… became the first Anglophone, independent African state to become an associate member of the European Economic Community, (EEC). The move to become an associate member of EEC came less than a decade … federal military government that assumed power was unable to address ethnic tensions or produce a constitution …

… Edwin Smith became the youngest baby in South Africa to undergo open-heart surgery. Edwin was operated at J.G. … which preventing the smooth flow of blood from the heart to the lungs. According to the hospital, the boy turned blue as soon as his mother … The condition of Edwin Smith, the youngest baby in SA to undergo open-heart surgery, improves …

… with the arts organisation Multistory in West Bromwich to bring the project to the UK. His new subjects include Adellah Snape, a woman from Birmingham who became addicted to crack cocaine and heroin, resorted to sex work and was … pundit David Goldblatt takes ex-offender portrait series to British jails by Matsepo, 2 June 2017 …

… the struggles within Black politics over methods used to oppose the momentum towards ever harsher modes of racial … court that the leaflet would rouse Africans in the town to strike. Gumede was also summoned to testify against Jones and … that they would be wasting money on a foolish project bound to fail, as had the deputation of 1909. 274 Only …

… Sharia law refers to a body of Islamic religious laws and deals with aspects of … adultery. In 2003, an Islamic court of law sentenced her to death by stoning. The following year, in the Bauchi state of Nigeria, 18 year-old Hajara Ibrahim was sentenced to a public flogging and death by stoning for allegedly …

… in South Africa. Four burly Security Policemen swarmed in to take me into detention for leading a ‘subversive’ … did I know that there was a Danish-Swedish connection to the termination of Biko and the massive crackdown across … had transported Biko to Pretoria over 1000 km away in the back of a Land Rover. He was naked, chained and in a comatose …

…     We wish, Sir, to place on record that the United Nations has this year … in the handling of the South African question. We wish to express our deep appreciation of the unequivocal stand of … the Special Committee on Apartheid, and its detailed, up-to-date and comprehensive reports deserve special …