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Afrikaner Newspapers and the newspaper industry from 1830
Afrikaner newspapers were essential supports for Afrikaner nationalism, and from the 1870s onwards they were used to mobilise Afrikaners, and after 1914 to…
2. Potchefstroom: A Fighting Location
In the mid-1920s African protest escalated throughout the Transvaal countryside. African labour tenants and farm workers, chafing under poor wages and working…
ArticleOn Trial: State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 16) On Trial State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others The change from…
Into the Fifties: Defiance by Norman Levy
From the book: The Final Prize by Norman Levy Chapter 8 Into the Fifties: Defiance Mass trials and mass action characterised the next two decades. The …
ArchiveAfrican Women`s Resistance to the Pass Laws in South Africa 1950-1960, by Elizabeth S. Schmidt
Introduction The decade of the 1950s was a decade of turmoil in South Africa. In the urban areas, a strong alliance was being forged between racially…
The Legal Veneer
From: A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman The apartheid government always had an obsession with…
ArchiveChapter 6 Underground in Joburg by Denis Goldberg
In the early 1960s, following the sharpeville massacre and the state of emergency, there were more than 100 sabotage attacks across the country. The government…
Archive`The struggle is my life`- Nelson Mandela press statement
The magnificent response to the call of the National Action Council for a three day strike and the wonderful work done by our organisers and field workers…
Passive Resistance 1946 - A Selection of Documents compiled by E.S. Reddy & Fatima Meer - Report on Delegations, Publications and Organisations of the PRC
From the book: Passive Resistance 1946 - A Selection of Documents compiled by E.S. Reddy & Fatima Meer Report on Delegations, Publications and Organisations…
Appendix - The Freedom Charter
From: Lessons of the 1950s By Richard Monroe, March-May 1984 The Freedom Charter Adopted at the Congress of the People, Kliptown, on June 26, 1955 We, the…
Freedom In Our Life Time - African National Congress Activities
From the book: Freedom In Our Life Time by Anton Muziwakhe Lembede 11. A. M. LEMBEDE, "Congress on the March," Bantu World, 9 September 1944. The African…
ArchiveBiography of Florence Matomela by Maximiliano Rubio
Her collegue in the anti-apartheid struggle, Hilda Bernstein, describes Florence Matomela as ‘a woman who gave out warmth and life like the African sun, full…
The search for Peter Johnson’s story
In 1975, Peter Johnson, joined the ranks of the uMkhonto we Sizwe and disappeared into exile. Nearly a decade later, on the 26 October 1984, Johnson, now known…
Increasing repression and the turn to the armed struggle
A series of legislations were passed by the NP led government in the 1950s as it sought to deal with dissent and entrench apartheid. Leading political…
The Story of PR Pather, the grand old man of Indian politics in South Africa: Chapter Three - By Riashnee Pather
From the book: The Story of PR Pather, the grand old man of Indian politics in South Africa - by Riashnee Pather Chapter Three 1945 marked a decisive…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 6 Contextual Overview
A. The Mineral Revolution ↵ In this section we will briefly discuss the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand and the Gold Rush. We will also discuss how…
ArticleMandela and the South African Communist Party
Mandela and MK The late 1950s saw the first hints of an armed struggle occurring in certain parts of South Africa. Various types of armed resistance spread…
ArchiveBibliography by Howard Barrell
This bibliography includes all books, articles and primary material referred to in the text and footnotes, as well as a few additional works which were…
New Generation Sculpture
During the 1980s the work of a number of sculptors working in the northern part of the country, Gazankulu and Venda, came to the attention of academic…
ArticleHistory of Women’s Struggle in South Africa
Women at the start of the 20th centuryIt is only over the last three or four decades that women's role in the history of South Africa has, belatedly, been…
Polokwane the Segregated city
Contents The Segregated City, 1910-1948 The Apartheid City A decade of Turbulence, 1976-86 Ructions within Afrikaner Politics Forced removals in the…
Black Reaction to Apartheid, 1948-1973 - Address to the Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association by O. R. Tambo, Syracuse, New York, United States of America, 1973
Examination of the black reaction to apartheid during the period 1948-1973 is topical and should help us to understand what is now happening in South Africa…
The diary of Maria Tholo - Introducing by Carol Hermer
From the book: The Diary of Maria Tholo by Carol Hermer The riots broke out in Soweto on June 16, 1976 when police fired on a group of school children…
PlaceMasjiengebou (Machine Building), Defense Headquarters, Pretoria
This building was declared a National Monument under old NMC legislation on 1 April 1977. The Historic Machine Building, "Staatsartillerie" Stables and…
Extract from a speech made in the House of Assembly on 22 April 1976 during the Prime Minister’s Vote
During April 1976 the Prime Minister's visit to Israel gave a new dimension to South Africa's foreign policy. The formal agreement concluded on economic co…
74. The Freedom Charter, 1955
From the book: A Documentary History of Indian South Africans edited by Surendra Bhana and Bridglal Pachai There were some 2 844 delegates present at the…
Documents, speeches, Awards, and articles relating to Albert John Luthuli
Awards In 1960, the Nobel Peace Prize Committee made history by awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Albert Luthuli in recognition of his outstanding…
Chapter 1 - The Promise of the Impossible Revolution: The Cape Town Industrial Socialist League, 1918 - 1921
From: Labour Struggles in South Africa The Forgotten Pages 1903 - 1921 by Evangelos A. Mantzaris South African social scientists have severely neglected the…
ArticleColonial history of Bloemfontein
The area between the Orange and Vaal rivers, originally known as Transoranje, with its abundance of permanent water sources, was the hunting grounds of the San…
AAM and UN: partners in the international campaign against apartheid
I think of the 'anti-apartheid movement' as a coalition of anti-apartheid organisations and individuals, as well as a growing number of governments, which in…