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Chapter 6 - Defining the agenda
… negotiation. Meetings were held separately with the PAC, AZAPO, the DP, homeland leaders. Mass Democratic … Regarding extra-parliamentary structures, the ANC…
ArchiveChapter 11 - SACTU in the Congress Alliance
… its attitude to African trade unionism than to the ANC and PAC. The power still able to be mobilised by the working … Action Council, headed by Mandela. (As…
EventThe UN General Assembly adopts resolution 1881, requesting South Africa to release all political prisoners
… organizations such as the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), and resulting in incidents such as Sharpeville Massacre …
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009
… National Congress (ANC) to form the Pan African Congress (PAC). They argue that the Congress Alliance reasserts and … had special permission from the state…
EventSA signs treaty with Great Britain on the supply of military equipment to South Africa
… State of Emergency followed by the banning of the ANC and PAC cast the South African government in a bad light in most …
Event90-Days Act comences
… Congress (ANC) and Poqo with the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) , both banned organisations. It also allows people …
EventThe Republic of South Africa is established
… time passed. After Sharpeville (March, 1960) the ANC. and PAC. abandoned their policy of passive resisÂtance and …
EventFreedom Day is celebrated in South Africa
… African Communist Party (SACP), Pan African Congress (PAC) and other organisations were later unbanned on 2 …
EventF.W. de Klerk announces the release of Nelson Mandela and unbans political parties
… African National Congress (ANC), Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), the South African Communist Party (SACP) and other …
EventSoweto students march against government’s language policy
… some opted to undergo military training. Others joined the PAC also with the intention of undergoing military training. …
The Black Face of Apartheid
… of Biko’s supporters agreed. In 1978 in Graaff Reinet, at PAC leader Robert Sobukwe's funeral, Buthelezi was jeered at …
ArticleBlack Consciousness and 16 June – The birth of a new generation
… for the youngsters did not come from the ANC and PAC movements in exile. Mpho Mashinini, who was sixteen at …
ArticlePaper abstracts and biographies of speakers
… We zone in on the ideological difference posited by APLA (PAC military wing) versus MK (ANC military wing) against the … Free State on the condition that I…
EventThami Mazwai, former journalist and anti-apartheid activist, is jailed for two years
… at Sowetan, and both known to have been members of the PAC in the 1950s before the organisation was banned, would …
EventGeneral H. Van Den Bergh blames the SACP for anti
… stifling resistance in South Africa after the ANC and the PAC adopted armed struggle as the only option left to sustain …
EventANC celebrates its 79th anniversary in Durban
… organizations such as the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1960. Some …
EventFormer Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere dies
… National Congress (ANC), the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), the Frente de Liberta de Mozambique (FRELIMO) led by …
EventAmy Biehl’s murderers receive amnesty from TRC
… Azanian People's Army (APLA) and the Pan African Congress (PAC). These parties were not convinced that reforms through …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1960s
… (ANC) establish the African Students' Association (ASA), PAC sympathising students form the African Students' Union of … women and children are killed and…
ArticleThe Nelson Mandela Presidency - 1994 to 1999
… %, Democratic Party (DP) 1.7 %, Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) 1.2 % and the African Christian Democratic Party 0.5 %. …
ArticleBlack South African literature
… to change direction - with the banning of the ANC and PAC in 1960. Alex la Guma , Dennis Brutus , Cosmo Pieterse, …
ArticleBiko’s imprisonment, death and the aftermath
… vacuum in the townships created by the banning of the ANC, PAC and the BCM. At this stage, no obvious conflict between …
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) in exile
… National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) in Tanzania or Zambia, others stayed behind. … policeman to give him information about the ANC…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1950s
… Congress (ANC) to form Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). 4 April - 6 April, Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) is founded in Orlando, Soweto…
The ANC’s attempt to become the sole legitimate representative of the people of South Africa by Martin Plaut
… Africa” this would mean abandoning our recognition of the PAC. It would also mean that the ANC would be able to veto … us at odds with the OAU and UN, since…
SAHO Commemorates 40 Years Since Soweto Uprising: Intergenerational Dialogue by Thembinkosi Khumalo
… is an active PASMA member. PASMA is a student division of PAC. Khumalo is also involved in community upliftment in his …
EventBophuthatswana decide not to publish report of Smith Commission
… in a Winterfield house. Both the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and African National Congress (ANC) claimed …
ArticleDemocratic Alliance (DA)
… African National Congress (ANC) , Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and other liberation organisations, and the release of …
ArticleReactions to the formation of a republic
… Picture: New History of South Africa. In 1960 the ANC and PAC had been banned, and these organizations were now …
ArticleTutu and his role in the Truth & Reconciliation Commission
… African National Congress (ANC), Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) and the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM), in …