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January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 79th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 1991
Fellow South Africans, Today, 8 January 1991, we observe the 79th anniversary of the foundation of the ANC. On this historic occasion I greet you all on…
44. Gandhi explains ‘satyagraha’
From the book: A Documentary History of Indian South Africans edited by Surendra Bhana and Bridglal Pachai M K. Gandhi introduced a new weapon in the…
EventRobert Sobukwe is sentenced to three years’ imprisonment
Founding member and president of the Pan Africanist Congress, Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, was sentenced to three years' imprisonment for incitement of Blacks to…
EventPolicewomen are enlisted as full members of South African Police Force for the first time.
On 1 January 1972, for the first time in the history of the South African Police (SAP), policewomen were enlisted as 'full members of the force'. Two white…
EventMass funeral for the victims of Bisho massacre
More than 70 000 angry mourners gathered at King William's Town, to pay their respects to the victims of the Bisho Massacre, who were shot to death by the…
EventPassbook laws relaxed
In July 1986, South Africa was in a state of martial law, with a nation-wide State of Emergency having been declared in June of the same year. To counter the…
PlaceFort Wonderboompoort, Wonderboom-Pretoria
Completed on 4 September 1897 by the Krupps firm, Von Dewitz and Weiner, the fort cost £49 000 and had the same type of entrance as Fort Schanskop. Ramparts…
Say It out Loud - The 1929 Presidential Address, Cape Town, 1st April, 1929
From the book: Say It out Loud by Mohamed Adhikari The 1929 Presidential Address, Cape Town, 1st April, 1929 1 There are times when leaders of people,…
ArticleList of SADF raids into Neigbouring Countries
Cross border raids 1975 August Invasion of Angola. 1978 4 May Air and ground strike on SWAPO refugee camp at Kassinga inside…
ArticleThe South African Strategic Defence Procurement Package known as “The Arms Deal”
Between 1996 and 1999 the South Africa government commissioned the purchase of R30 billion worth of armaments specifically submarines and frigates from a…
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement (BCM)
On 12 September 1977, the Black Consciousness leader Steve Biko died while in the custody of security police. The period leading up to his death, beginning…
In Conclusion: The Decline and Fall of the Tricameral Parliament
While the tricameral parliament was designed to co-opt Coloureds and Indians and to bring a renewed legitimacy to the Apartheid regime, developments in the…
ArticleFinding out about hunter-gatherers and herders
Who were the hunter-gatherers? Many societies all over the world survived by hunting and gathering for most of the last 100 000 years. In southern Africa the…
The Ideology of the Black Consciousness Movement
The emergence of the Black Consciousness movement that swept across the country in the 1970s can best be explained in the context of the events from 1960…
ArticleRemembrance of Albertina Sisulu through the Work of Cartoonists
When we look back at the past and the struggle leaders that we have lost, our opinions and views of them are directly impacted by the way they were portrayed…
Chapter 10 - The Character, Role and Significance of SANSCO
It is now possible to interpret the character, role and significance of SANSCO. For this purpose, I draw on the previous chapters which discussed SANSCO's…
ArchiveMandela’s Democracy by Andrew Nash, 26 June 2013
The Tribal Model of DemocracyIn his speech from the dock, at his 1962 trial for inciting African workers to strike and leaving the country without a passport,…
The ‘special branch’
From the book: My Spirit Is Not Banned by Frances Baard and Barbie Schreiner We had to work very hard to "Be successful with our campaigns and our organizing…
Lobenguela’s izinDuna by Martin Plaut (Quarterly Bulletin of the National Library of South Africa ), 2016
This photograph of two Ndebele leaders is entitled on its reverse: ‘Chiefs “Babyon” & “Omjaam.” Babyan was answerable for the assassination of Alan Wilson’s…
Rivonia: Telling it as it was, 2 July 1988
It is hard these days - twenty-five years on - to recapture the feeling of the time of Rivonia - of the sudden arrest of some of the leading liberation…
PlaceCabo Verde
Cape Verde (or Cabo Verde as the nation now prefers to be called) is located on an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, just off the West coast of Guinea-Bissau…
Interview with Archibald Gumede 21 August 1990
POM We're talking with Mr. Gumede on the 21st of August. I recall when we talked the last time you had said that you were going to try to get Mr. Mandela…
Chapter V - Acts of conscience
From the book: Side by Side by Helen Joseph One of the special joys of being unbanned was that although banned people could still not communicate with me,…
ArchiveAfrican Women`s Resistance to the Pass Laws in South Africa 1950-1960, by Elizabeth S. Schmidt
Introduction The decade of the 1950s was a decade of turmoil in South Africa. In the urban areas, a strong alliance was being forged between racially…
Document 15 - ‘A document to create a climate of understanding’; Nelson Mandela to F. W. de Klerk
"Communique" by SASO, July 1969 For the first time after 1959, Non-White student leaders met at Stutterheim in July 1968. A need for contact, especially…
PlaceBurundi
Burundi is a relatively small country located in central Africa, and the name and approximate territory has a continuity with the Kingdom of Burundi which was…
Address by I. B. Tabata, AAC Conference, December 16,1941
I must admit at the outset that when we first met in this hall six years ago, we and our people, who looked spell-bound at Convention, were full of great…
EventNatal is formally separated from the Cape Colony
On 15 July 1856, Natal Colony (now known as Kwazulu Natal) was formally separated from the Cape Colony by means of the Charter of Natal. The Cape Governor…
![Joint Statement on the Durban Riots, by A. W. G. Champion of the ANC (Natal) and Dr. G. M. Naicker of the Natal Indian Congress [n.d.]](/sites/default/files/styles/saho_medium/public/field/archiveimages/fdce6e25-faa8-4ab0-be75-7774d87bf4a1.png?itok=1j_rz5UU)
ArchiveJoint Statement on the Durban Riots, by A. W. G. Champion of the ANC (Natal) and Dr. G. M. Naicker of the Natal Indian Congress [n.d.]
JOINT STATEMENT ON THE DURBAN RIOTS, BY A.W.G. CHAMPION OF THE ANC (NATAL) AND DR. G.M. NAICKER OF THE NATAL INDIAN CONGRESS, 1949The African National…
ArticleA Spiral of Trials by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 6) A Spiral of Trials In the arrests, indictments and trials that occurred from…