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EventForces of the White Rhodesian regime (UDI) attack a nationalist guerrilla base in Mozambique
… (ZANU) and Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU),two Black nationalist political organizations. A civil war broke … government, the former organizations…
EventBantu Women’s League protests against pass laws
… BWL continued to fight against the imposition of passes on black women and in 1922 they had achieved some success as the … tightened the law in 1923 when it…
Chapter 1: The 1971 Art South Africa Today Exhibition: Towards a Language of protest art
… in protest should also be mentioned. As a response to a Black Consciousness call for black people to "go it alone", the Black Art Studios (BAS) were set up…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1930-1939
… people move in. Restrictions against the urbanisation of Black women are introduced. The official government reasons … the electorate from 90.7% to 95.5% and…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1950-1959
… responded with unrestrained brutality. Across Soweto 18 Black people were killed and Mandela stayed in a nurses' … attempted adultery or related immoral acts…
Legislation, Dissent, and Violence in Sophiatown under Apartheid
… of industrialisation as white employers sought to hire black labourers, who were not entitled to the same wages as … Verwoerd settled the plan to clear the…
ArchiveAn Analysis of the Imprisonment and Detainment Treatment of Winnie Madikizela-Mandela by Monica McCausland
… continued, with the wardresses discriminating against black prisoners, who they named the ‘Bantu’, and especially … more favorably by the prison guards,…
Chapter Two - The year with the ICU: 1921 - 1926
… The ICU was formed through the mobilisalition of mostly black dockworkers. In June 1919 a branch of the Industrial … often seemed to forget conveniently in…
EventJudgement is handed down in a landmark case
… status. The ruling was likely to affect about 150, 000 Black contract workers in urban areas, who could apply to … in "influx control" or the freedom of…
EventJournalist Percy Qoboza is released from detention
… was released from detention, together with nine other Black leaders seized in security raids in October 1976. … in the country for another three years and…
EventGovernment’s final consolidation of ‘homelands’
… form of apartheid separate development and a way to strip Black South Africans of their South African citizenship. The … the point of view of the Apartheid…
EventEducationist Godfrey Nakene is born
… Pietersburg district. Nakene became one of the first Black student to graduate with a Bachelor of Arts degree from … of education in South Africa, in…
PlaceDoornkop/Doornsluiten
… owned by a White man and comprised of the SADT land and Black freehold farms. The homesteads, of the people of … Doornkop, were evidence of the shortage…
Keynote address on the launch of Mafika Gwala’s Collected Poems Howard College, UKZN, 6 October 2016 by Mandla Langa
… ancestor – bearing in mind that in the heyday of the black consciousness movement, there were a lot of gumbas, … legislation that had the deepest of impact…
South Africa: Writer Mafika Gwala Passes Away (allAfrica), 9 September 2014
… cultural activist who, from a young age, was part of the Black Consciousness Movement that championed the principle of … several literary journals, including…
Book 4: Industrialisation, Rural Change and Nationalism - Bibliography
… Belongs to Us . London, Heinemann, 1984. Gerhart, Gail. Black Power in South Africa . Berkeley, University of … 2003. Jeeves, Alan and Jonathan Crush (eds.)…
EventDutch Reformed Church in Africa talks with the ANC
… Church (DRC) decided to start its own mission work under Black South Africans at its first synod held in 1824. In … the Dutch Reformed Church in Africa (DRCA…
EventKaNgwane is proclaimed a self-governing territory.
… 10 homelands that were created to rid South Africa of its Black citizens; this was carried out in terms of the Bantustan policy. The policy assigned every…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Contextual Overview
… it would take over 40 years for that to be extended to black females in the South). During the First World War, as … to the cities – and the meshing of…
Notes for address by President Nelson Mandela at a breakfast of the Raadzaal Rotary Club 17 September 1994
… English or any other imperialists. It will mean that the black majority will have MAJORITY RIGHTS in their own … all the workers and toiling people in South…
Chapter 2 - The Soweto Uprising of June 1976: A Turning Points Event
… News of the events in Soweto sparked off protests in black townships across the country. Another 93 people were … you say you want peaceful change. First,…
Book 5: People, Places and Apartheid - Chapter 2 - The Soweto Uprising of June 1976: A Turning Points Event by Phil Bonner
… News of the events in Soweto sparked off protests in black townships across the country. Another 93 people were … you say you want peaceful change. First,…
Interview with Swami Gounden by Vino Reddy, 29 May 2002
… that embraced everyone, you know, White, Coloured, Black, Indians, you see? No discrimination, and they … world and in trade unions, for instance. You know…
Speech by Rev. Dr. Allan Boesak at the launch of the United Democratic Front, 20 August 1983, Rocklands Civic Centre, Mitchell’s Plain
… has its positive side. But for those of us who are black and who suffer under this system there is no positive … children to die of hunger and malnutrition,…
Address At The Commerce Faculty Graduation Ceremony by Saleem Badat, 10 April 2015, Rhodes University
… movement. It comprises students and academics, mainly black, but some white. This social movement is likely to … those from privileged white and wealthy and…
The New Generation
… 1979 at the University of Cape Town. ParÂticipation from black artists at this conference was extremely small indicating the extent to which black artists…
PlaceCurries Fountain Sports Development Centre
… in the 1960’s and 1970’s, influenced the interaction of Black people within a socio-political and cultural … forces. Curries Fountain was a venue for the…
Document 5 - “Trade Union Notes”, The Bolshevik, March 1920 (Extract)
… racial struggle but a proletarian one', not a conflict of black versus white but of capitalist versus wage-workers: If … is driving the native to look upon…
ArchiveA mapping of the KwaZulu Natal political conflict with reference to Inkatha (1990-1993)
… Faculty of Arts at the University of Port Elizabeth. The Black political participation in South Africa has experienced … under the new democratic rule…
ArchiveThe Higher education of Blacks in the United States
… delivered by Alan Pifer, and discusses the "experience of Black Americans with higher education, or, perhaps, the … in higher education from the arrival of…