At the age of 16, all Africans were required to carry passes that determined where they could live, go to school, and work.
Image record
An African man shows his passbook
- Updated
- 24 Jul 2019

By UN Photo
South African History Online. (2014, August 28). An African man shows his passbook. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0098217
South African History Online (2014) 'An African man shows his passbook', South African History Online, 28 August. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0098217 (Accessed: 6 September 2026).
South African History Online, An African man shows his passbook [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0098217, (accessed 6 September 2026).
"An African man shows his passbook." South African History Online, 28 Aug. 2014, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0098217. Accessed 6 Sept. 2026.
South African History Online. "An African man shows his passbook." South African History Online. August 28, 2014. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0098217.
Further reading
The ANC’s MK Special Ops Unit Material - Yunus Carrim Collection - 6 November 2025
Oyster Bay
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