Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military

Updated: 30 Sep 2019

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01Bute, E.L. & Harmer, H.J.P. (1997). The Black Handbook, London: Cassell.
02https://bartelby.org/

Last updated · 30 Sep 2019

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South African History Online. (2012, August 10). Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0089773

South African History Online (2012) 'Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military', South African History Online, 10 August. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0089773 (Accessed: 28 September 2026).

South African History Online, Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0089773, (accessed 28 September 2026).

"Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military." South African History Online, 10 Aug. 2012, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0089773. Accessed 28 Sept. 2026.

South African History Online. "Fulbert Youlou, first president (1960–63) of Congo (Brazzaville) is replaced by Alphonse Massamba-Debat, following a military." South African History Online. August 10, 2012. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0089773.