Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar

Updated: 30 Sep 2019

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01Kalley, J.A.; Schoeman, E. & Andor, L.E. (eds)(1999). Southern African Political History: a chronology of key political events from independence to mid-1997, Westport: Greenwood.

Last updated · 30 Sep 2019

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South African History Online. (2011, November 7). Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0069154

South African History Online (2011) 'Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar', South African History Online, 7 November. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0069154 (Accessed: 24 September 2026).

South African History Online, Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0069154, (accessed 24 September 2026).

"Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar." South African History Online, 7 Nov. 2011, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0069154. Accessed 24 Sept. 2026.

South African History Online. "Disturbances break out in the Black townships of Port Elizabeth and police open fire on rioting crowds. Tensions rise in the ar." South African History Online. November 7, 2011. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0069154.