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uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990
Article
Mar 20, 2011

uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990

uMkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed ...

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uMkhonto weSizwe (MK)
Article
Mar 20, 2011

uMkhonto weSizwe (MK)

On 16 December, 1961, Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) was launched as an armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). The...

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Article
Mar 20, 2011

Launch of uMkhonto weSizwe (MK)

Umkhonto we Sizwe logo 16 December 1961 is seen as the date of formation because Umkhonto performed its first acts of ...

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uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) and the Armed Struggle
Article
Mar 20, 2011

uMkhonto weSizwe (MK) and the Armed Struggle

Sabotage campaigns Between 1961 and 1963 MK was responsible for about 134 acts of sabotage. Many of these caused minor ...

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Black Consciousness Movement (BCM)
Article
Mar 20, 2011

Black Consciousness Movement (BCM)

On 12 September 1977, the Black Consciousness leader Steve Biko died while in the custody of security police. The period...

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Article
Mar 20, 2011

The Ideology of the Black Consciousness Movement

The emergence of the Black Consciousness movement that swept across the country in the 1970s can best be explained in th...

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Black Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009
Article
Mar 20, 2011

Black Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009

1903 William Edward Durghardt Du Bois publishes The Souls of Black Folk rejecting the notion that Black people need we...

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Article
Mar 20, 2011

Black Consciousness Movement Documents, Articles and Paper

Explore this africa item to learn more about South African history.

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

Adderley Street, Cape Town

The Heerengracht was Cape Town's main street, running from the foreshore to the foot of Government Avenue. In 1850 its n...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

Niewoudtville

(prior to 1910) The village of Nieuwoudtville was established in 1897 on the farm Groenrivier which, as the name impli...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

Pella

In the mid-1880s a huge Cathedral was built in the Bushmanland desert oasis of Pella by French Missionaries who at first...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

Bophuthatswana, was Previously a Homeland

The Bophuthatswana Territorial Authority was created in 1961, and in June 1972 Bophuthatswana was declared a self-govern...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

KaNgwane

KaNgwane was the Homeland of the Swazi people living in South Africa. It was situated along the border with Swaziland, a...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

KwaNdebele

KwaNdebele (or place of the Ndebele) was granted self-government in 1984 and was intended to be the new home for the Tra...

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Place
Mar 16, 2011

Venda

In 1962, the South African Government created Venda as a Homeland for the Venda-speaking people. The area set aside for ...

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