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ArticleA Spiral of Trials by Norman Levy
… while awaiting trial for treason at the Old Fort in the 1950s in Johannesburg, ten years later. The defendants in the … from mounting the defiant campaigns…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 4 Essay Questions and Answers
Shaka Zulu Legacy Essay questions on Shaka Zulu’s legacy will be asked as 8-mark questions where students have to use sources to answer the question. The…
ArticleHistory of elections in South Africa
Introduction The South Africa Act passed by the British Parliament in 1909 combined the self-governing British colonies of the Natal, Cape, Transvaal and…
ArticleGarment Workers Union (GWU)
Formed in 1928 by Emil Solomon (Solly) Sachs, this was a union of women factory workers that transcended barriers of colour and class. In the late 1920s and…
ArticleThe Youth Struggle
From the early years of colonial rule, South African youth had participated in various forms against the racist character of colonialism, oppression, and…
Federation of Amateur Theatrical Societies of South Africa (FATSSA)
The Federation of Amateur Theatrical Societies of South Africa was founded in 1938 in Krugersdorp by the representatives of 20 amateur dramatic societies in…
ArticleNon-European Unity Movement (NEUM)
… from the movement. The Rural Revolts: 1958-60 In the late 1950s there were several rural revolts in South Africa, … in West Africa. Tabata was scathing in…
ArticleUnited Democratic Front (UDF)
The United Democratic Front (UDF) was an anti-apartheid body that incorporated many anti-apartheid organisations. It was launched in 1983, in Mitchells Plain…
Polokwane the Segregated city
… the Transvaal Provincial Library Services. In the mid-1950s, Pietersburg had two cinemas, one each for English and …
ArticleAlbertina Sisulu and the organisations she was connected to
… the newly formed ANC Women’s League (ANCWL) and, in the 1950s, she began to assume a leadership role. This coincided …
The Afrikaanse Handelsinsituut
The Afrikaanse Handelsinsituut (AHI – in English the Afrikaans Commercial Institute) was formed during WWII to create Afrikaner businesses and represent their…
Grade 12 - Topic 4 - The end of the Cold War and a new global world order 1989 to present
There were many reasons why apartheid collapsed. You can read about the crisis of Apartheid in the 1980s in section 5 of the grade 12 material. The collapse of…
The people armed, 1984-1990
… since the mass meetings of the Congress Alliance in the 1950s. The initial aim of the UDF was to oppose the …
Article1960 - 1994: Armed Struggle and Popular Resistance
… since the mass meetings of the Congress Alliance in the 1950s. The initial aim of the UDF was to oppose the …
Defining the term 'Bantu'
The following article is based on an essay from Kees van der Waal’s chapter in “Critical Essays on Afrikaans Places of Memory” The term ‘Bantu has gone…
ArticleCustomary Law in South Africa: Historical Development as a Legal System and its Relation to Women’s Rights by Devon Wall
… states. The structures established in 1927 and the 1950s lasted through to the 1980s. Facing the imminent …
ArticleCommemoration, remembering and memorialising June 16 Soweto uprising
Since the early 1990s, June 16, now known as Youth Day, has been remembered, commemorated, and memorialised as public history. There have been different ways…
ArticleA history of prison labour in South Africa
Prison labour has a particularly debatable history in South Africa. Historically, South Africa operated on the understanding that prisons were places of…
Conflict among civic organisations
Civic organisations in the Western Cape, particularly in Cape Town did not share the same ideological stance, interests and outcomes. One of the major…
ArticleMangosuthu Buthelezi was a man of immense political talent and contradictions
Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi, who has died, was a history maker. He was born on 27 August 1928 into a tumultuous global century, and into the local conditions…
Biography of Heinz Klug by Ashley Rogers
… some people and not others.” [viii] South Africans in the 1950s grew up in a time in which segregation was a part of …
ArticleAzanian People’s Organization (AZAPO)
In aftermath of the June 16 Uprising, the government cracked down on student activists and organisations alike. On 19 October 1977 the Black Consciousness…
State policies and social protest, 1924-1939
One of the most important developments in South Africa in this period was the formation of the Pact Government in which the push for independence from Britain…
In summary: Factors resulting in the crisis
The emergence of South Africa's democracy in the 1990s The crisis of apartheid in the 1980s Factors contributing to the crisis: * A global economic crisis:…
Liberation organisations
UDF The United Democratic Front (UDF) was a non-racial alliance of about 400 national, regional and local organisations. It was launched in Cape Town in 1983,…
ArticleApartheid Legislation 1850's-1970's
… as well as joining any trade union confederation. 1950s Immorality Amendment Act, Act No 21 of 1950 This Act … political gatherings. The victims of this Act…
ArticleLiberation history Timeline 1940-1949
… of the Congress movement's tactical campaigns of the 1950s, which, in their use of passive resistance, showed … disobedience. This leads to the Defiance…
Pretoria the Segregated city
Contents Pretoria the Segregated city The Tomlinson Report Atteridgeville and Saulsville Hammanskraal Mamelodi Mabopane Laudium Eersterus …
ArticleThe role of gender in Ndebele architecture
Gender roles in Ndebele home-making From the 1940s onwards the settlement at Hartbeesfontein began to be visited increasingly by researchers, including Barrie…
ArticleCall for submissions: The Politics of Armed Struggle in Southern Africa Conference
Conference: THE POLITICS OF ARMED STRUGGLE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Conference Date: 23-25 November 2016 Venue: University of the Witwatersrand (Johannesburg) …