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ArticleTutu and his role in the Truth & Reconciliation Commission
… government committed serious atrocities against the Black majority. A number of brutal measures were adopted by … Congress (ANC), Pan-Africanist Congress …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1980s
… January, Security Police in Port Elizabeth, detain three black civil rights leaders after the Port Elizabeth Black Civic Organisation (PEBCO) decide to…
ArticleWomen’s Workplace Oppression in 1970s South Africa by Cait Chapman
… Workplace Oppression in 1970s South Africa Abstract: Black, Coloured and Indian women faced harsh oppressions in … 1930s, shops were closing and the once…
ArticleThe Roots of Segregation: 1860-1910
… that they are easily supplied, and like most men, White or Black, they will not work when they have no want." (Bundy, C. … gave rise to increasing social…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1930-1939
… get the vote. This means in effect that the weight of the black vote is decreased from 3.1% to 1.4%. The first restrictions against the urbanisation of black…
ArticleNational Party (NP)
… economic depression after the war and dissatisfaction from Black South Africans and other extra-parliamentary groups … made the SAP's rule more difficult…
ArticleThe Union of South Africa: Movement towards Republic
… Nationalists to counter the challenge posed by a growing Black political consciousness. This was done by systematically disenfranchising Black voters…
“Exodus without a map”: What happened to the Durban moment? by Edward Webster
… were low, and the apartheid system was built on cheap black labour. But as it is often said, surveys usually … to Steve Bantu Biko and his emerging…
ArchiveThe exilic geographies of the South by Benjamin N. Lawrance and Vusumuzi R. Kumalo
… formidable list of censorship provisions on the “creative black writer” were only some of the many impediments on … of apartheid in the 1950s onwards. These…
ArticleThe National Council of Trade Unions (NACTU)
… as both federations were to some degree influenced by the Black Consciousness Movement, and - while agreeing on … - insisted that the leadership of the…
Ndibhala Intando Yam: A Converstation on Translating "I Write What I Like" by Steve Biko
… is finally speaking isiXhosa - in the community where Black thought has always lived. For decades, I Write What I Like shaped Black political thought -…
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
… immediately, there was a government crackdown of all black opposition. In a single stroke the national liberation … 1991:275). New resistance stirs: Student…
ArticleHistory of Women’s Struggle in South Africa
… significant for thee role played by women, particularly black women. Black men in the Cape Colony still had the vote (although a black man could not become a…
ArticleEvents leading to the Bambatha Rebellion
… labour. Rather than work for the white farmers, the black workforce was increasingly attracted to the gold mines … an attempt to increase the supply of…
History of Muslims in South Africa: 1980 - 1989 by Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida
… Medical Ethics and medicine in general from the Islamic viewpoint; * to be a "mercy unto mankind" in the true example … marks the beginning of his freedom…
EventGovernment's final consolidation of 'homelands'
… form of apartheid separate development and a way to strip Black South Africans of their South African citizenship. The … the point of view of the Apartheid…
Rustenburg the Segregated city
… saw a steady growth of the population. Year Whites Black, Indians, Coloureds Total 1929 2757 2650 5888 1932 2757 … siren reminded all and sundry that the…
ArticleJune 16 Soweto Youth Uprising timeline: 1976-1986
… in Afrikaans appears in Soweto schools. 4 March, The Black People's Convention, the South African Students … that go before it." Winnie Mandela is elected to…
ArticleThe history of labour movements in Namibia
… Background During the 1930s and 1940s, there were few black workers organisations in Namibia (then known as South … South African government, opposed the…
Documents, speeches, Awards, and articles relating to Desmond Tutu
… preacher and strident voice against apartheid, first Black Secretary General of the South African Council of Churches , first Black Archbishop of the…
Prejudice, Politics and Patriarchy: The Social Decline and Changing Identity of David Lurie in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace by Charley-Ann Pearson
… singing to himself’ ( Disgrace 212) whilst Petrus, the black ‘gardener and dog-man’ ( Disgrace 64) gains more and … would have played a pivotal role in David…
Archive'Colonialism had never really ended': my life in the shadow of Cecil Rhodes by Simukai Chigudu
… our home on the outskirts of the city through the imposing black gates of St George’s College, Harare. Dressed in a red … also accepted a handful of boys…
ArticleThe 1956 Women’s March in Pretoria
… African, and thereby, severely limit the movements of the black African populace, manage urbanization, and allot … and worse. However, in the location of…
Conservative Revolutionaries - Anti-Apartheid Activism at the University of Cape Town 1963-1973 by Robert Erbmann, Oxford University, 2005
… context of being 'the seedbed in which a potent strain of Black Nationalism was to germinate. 7 The only other … leaving in the early 1930s. Whilst NUSAS…
ArticleSharpeville
… 19 March 1960, the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) called on Black South Africans to leave their pass books at home and … carrying passes. The PAC saw this as…
ArticlePass Laws in South Africa
… The Pass Laws was a system used to control the movement of Black, Indian and Coloured people in South Africa. The pass …
Biography of Arthur Nortje by Kangkang Yang
… the buffer zone between two opposing forces of White and Black during the height of apartheid, both in South Africa … in an iron shack, symbolizing the…
“White ladies [do not] push heavy skips”: Examining NUDW and CCAWUSA organising of occupational categories in the retail and distributive trade in the late 1960s and 1970s by Bridget Kenny
… from 1975, CCAWUSA specifically organised to bring all (black) commercial workers together, explicitly cross-cutting … shortage created pressure on…
PlaceEzakheni Township of Ladysmith
… African families from Ladysmith townships and surrounding ‘black spots’ were moved into Ezakheni in successive batches, … 1972 to make a way for a dam. · …
Sport, Race, and Liberation Before Apartheid by Dr Peter Alegi
… role in sport administration boosted the development of black football in South Africa. In some ways, Luthuli's … contribution exemplifies the heritage of…