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ArticleThe Freedom struggle in Bloemfontein
… State by the British army in 1900, four prominent African political organizations emerged. The ORC Native Congress, the … only operated in Bloemfontein and…
Chapter 4 - In search of Justice; Gumede in England, 1919-21
… as one people and rallied together on socio-economic and political matters which directly affected the African people … Evidence for this claim is based on…
Address of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, at the National Council of Provinces, Limpopo, 4 November 2005
… to the sphere of local government. The people's response confirmed that we were correct to emphasise the … of Parliament about the processes in which the…
Chapter Seven - Re-examining the Past
… From the book: Johnny Gomas Voice of the working class: A political Biography by Doreen Musson Although out of active … and is otherwise in safe hands and…
ArchiveHARWU: The Aborted Attempt to Build a National South African Catering Union (1984 – 1990) by Allan Horwitz, June 2018
… shaped by many forces, both in the general context of the political struggle to end ‘big and petty apartheid’ and with … as an independent union in defiance…
EventAdriaan Vlok, Minister of Law and Order, announces a ban on the carrying of pangas, bush knives and axes weapons in “conflict situations”
… this question of actually banning them raised emotions. In response to what the ANC saw as delaying tactics with regard …
EventAn ANC car bomb directed at the headquarters of the Wits Command, Johannesburg, kills one person and injures 68
… 1986, and the attack on the army headquarters was in response to the apartheid government deploying troops in the …
EventAlleged Mk members are killed
… and calculated thing. The operation was launched in response to information received about a planned …
EventSA author, Nadine Gordimer, is born
… served to chart, over a number of years, the changing response to apartheid in South Africa. Gordimer has been …
EventB.J. Vorster, Minister of Justice, announces extensive security measures following the Sharpeville Massacre
… a state of emergency and banned the ANC and the PAC. The response from the ANC and the PAC was to declare an armed …
EventMultiparty negotiating forum meets for the first time since December 1993
… Despite the negative response from the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) leader Chief …
ArchiveChanging focus: The art and activism of Omar by Bongani Kona (Mail and Guardian), 4 June 2015
… exhibiting in “whites-only” galleries went against their political inclinations. “There were some who were successful … want to be part of that system,”…
'Native life' 100 after Sol Plaatje published it by Janet Remmington, Brian Willan, Bhekizizwe Peterson (Mail and Guardian), 30 September 2016
… originally published in 1916, was first and foremost a response to the landmark Natives Land Act of 1913. It arose … the book defied easy categorisation…
Chapter 7 - 1957-58: The Movement in a Crucial Phase
… a position”¦Throughout the long weeks of the boycott, the political initiative in South Africa passed out of the hands … of Transport Schoeman, "was not an…
Article1973 Durban Strikes
… made their demands heard - the first time since the political “stay at home” of the 1950s – and to exercise the … regime in the 1990s. During this period…
European Revolutions 1750-1850
… at changing economic factors, while some might focus on political differences from one period to another. We examine political revolution (French revolution)…
ArticleDefeat of the Liberation struggle
… proclamation of the SOE. Alongside a national crackdown on political activity, the State also banned leading political figures, forcing an exodus of…
Edwin Mofutsanyana the oldest Communist in Africa: Flyer for briefing by Edwin Mofutsanyana. August, 1991
… extremely dangerous. The NP government is placing party political interests above national interests by trying to … violence ravaging our country. We are of…
ArchiveCHAPTER 3 - Unprepared by Howard Barrell
… 1976, harmed the ANC’s ability to organise an internal political base, which was not only desirable for a movement … a white system . 16 It is doubtful,…
Book 6: Negotiation, Transition and Freedom - Chapter 2 - Explaining the Miracle by Max du Preez
… – the Whites-only National Party had had a firm grip on political and military power since 1948 but made a deal with … and externally to reform apartheid…
Statement by Oliver Tambo at the meeting of the Special Committee against Apartheid, 12 January 1982
… or Government, Foreign Ministers, ambassadors, leaders of political parties, as well as heads of national and … in the spirit of non-violence: an attempt to…
Statement by Oliver Tambo at the meeting of the United Nations Special Committee against apartheid, 12 January 1982
… or Government, Foreign Ministers, ambassadors, leaders of political parties, as well as heads of national and … in the spirit of nonviolence: an attempt to…
Last kicks of a dying horse July 1992 - June 1993
… to pin the government down to a programme eliminating political violence and these efforts resulted in a Record of … there was an important shift in the…
ArchiveCHAPTER 2 - You only win once by Howard Barrell
… external mission’s ability to interact with South African political developments. Inside South Africa, legal and semi-legal political activity against…
EventBishop Desmond Tutu leaves for the USA to meet with American President Ronald Reagan
… advocated a similar policy with regard to apartheid. In response to Ronald Reagan's actions, Desmond Tutu left for …
EventUS Secretary of State Cyrus Vance travels to South Africa to promote transition to black rule in Namibia
… Prime Minister John Vorster reneged on the U.N. plan. In response, U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance led an …
EventUS House of Representatives approve Bill to impose stricter sanctions on Apartheid South Africa
… stricter sanctions against South Africa. This was in response to international and local outcry against the …
EventSlachter’s Nek rebels are hanged
… but the inhumanity of the execution awoke an emotional response, causing it to be mentioned by some as one of the …
ArticleSotho (South Sotho or Basotho)
… shifts and conflict seem to have been at least partly a response to climatic flux during the Little Ice Age. For … Folk craft traditions have been revived…
ArticleTowards a people’s culture - Art and Resistance under Apartheid
… the debate about looking at art as more than a space for political expression. On the other hand, the dominant … existence, with its own intrinsic values,…