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… The 1940s opened with the devastating Second World War in full swing. This decade also marked the gradual transition from a mining and agricultural economy (before the war) to a flourishing industrial economy with the … Women in the schizophrenic 1940s - World War II and its aftermath …

… A few months after the first formal ANC-SACP meeting in exile, in June 1970, the Party organised its first augmented CC meeting in Moscow, along the lines the CEC had suggested in 1966. The meeting, … Chapter 4 - THE PARTY AND THE “SOLDIERS OF LUTHULI” …

… Expanding European frontiers The Trek Boers, with their servants and slaves, move inland From the late 1600s and into the 1700s, the Cape settlers moved further north and east … European trading systems in the Middle Ages - fourteenth to sixteenth centuries …

… On 9 June 1983, three members of the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), were executed at the gallows in Pretoria Central Prison. Marcus Motaung , … Political executions in South Africa by the apartheid government 1961 - 1989 …

… The archive of the Anti-Apartheid Movement arrived at Rhodes House Library in Oxford in 1996 and it is planned that the cataloguing process will be complete and the archive available to researchers by the spring of 2002. … Cataloguing the archive of the Anti-Apartheid Movement …

… I am grateful for the opportunity to be here and give a short synopsis of the Commonwealth's relations with the Anti-Apartheid Movement. If ever there was an … A common purpose: the Commonwealth’s support for the AAM …

… The fall of the of the fortress town of Tobruk was a major blow to the Allied forces during World War Two, as the town contained … SA Military The Second Anti-Aircraft Brigade, SAA [Online], available at: … The fall of the fortress town of Tobruk …

… was launched to elicit public views on what should be in the Constitution. On 19 September the first consolidated draft of the new Constitution was ready, but the first refined working … Constitutional Court of South Africa," The history of the Constitution ", From: Constitutional Court …

… and optimism that I stand before you today. Last year, we, the people of South Africa voted for freedom. We laid a … and human rights for all citizens. We turned our backs on the division and conflict of apartheid, and we set the nation … be people who understand your problems, care about your future, and know how to listen. 4.3 ANC candidates are people …

… Childhood in the Eastern Cape Mandela in Umtata, in his first suit, presented to him by the Paramount Chief of the abaThembu, Jongintaba Dalindyebo. … Campaign which proved so influential in guiding the ANC’s future resistance movements. Nelson Mandela and Evelyn Mase …

… On 6 June 1995 a historic resolution was taken by the Constitutional Court to abolish the death penalty. The court ruled that capital punishment, as provided for … The SA Constitutional Court abolishes the death penalty …

… The Pretoria Minute is agreed upon by the government and the African National Congress (ANC), concerning release of … Kaapstad: Human & Rousseau.| African National Congress, ' The Pretoria Minute ', from African National Congress … The ANC and Government accept the Pretoria Minute …

… and community worker in Idutywa, Eastern Cape, received the Order of the Baobab in Gold for her "exceptional contribution to the economic upliftment of the underprivileged communities in … Epainette Mbeki receives the Order of the Baobab …

… The first issue of South Africa's first daily newspaper, The Cape Times, was published in Cape Town as an English … with Frederick York St Leger as editor. It sold for the cheap price of a penny and has been in continuous daily … The Cape Times appears for the first time …

… Memorandum listing the tasks of the African National Congress. Covers the nature of our society, the character of the struggle, the … Tasks of the ANC in the present period …

… in South Africa. On this day Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ in Bethlehem. The date is traditional and is not considered to be the actual date of his birth. The story of Christ's birth has … Christian Qualms about Christmas. www.cft.org.za | The Meaning of Christmas. www.jesuscentral.com | South …

… This paper, possibly prepared for the inaugral conference of the Institute of Black Studies, Wilgespruit, 13-18 July 1976, traces the history of the political development of South Africa from … The history of the Black mans struggle for l …

… Minutes of the Second General meeting of the Society for the Abolition of the Death Penalty in South Africa held on 24 … Minutes of the second general meeting of the Society for the Abolition of the Death Penalty in South …

… and related matters"  Acting Director-General of the Institute of International Relations, Mr Nguyen Quang … guests Ladies and gentlemen Comrade and friends   The topic I was asked to focus on has been addressed … in turn this period will leave its positive marks into the future and for us from the developing countries this will be …

… oral histories Stories or ‘oral histories’ tells us about the past through the spoken word as told by one generation to the next. It is also an important way to pass heritage on … How do we find out about the history of a local area? …

… of harassment of people and events connected with the South African Sports Association (SASA) are mentioned. Brutus ridicules the apartheid practice of excluding blacks from sports teams … and giving black athletes belittling awards. Inequality on the sportsfield is linked to inequalities in democracy in the …

… Summary by Jack Simons of the memorandum submitted to the National Working Committee of the ANC by the Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group, regarding … Memorandum submitted to the NWC of the ANC …

… Statement of the National Executive Committee of the National Executive Committee announcing the dissolution of the United Democratic Front. … Statement of the National Executive Committee of the National Executive Committee announcing the dissolution …

… Gentlemen: I am greatly honoured that you have given us the opportunity to address the Scottish Parliament. I thank you most sincerely for this … of the Cape Ordinance 50, which sought to ensure that future legislation in the Cape does not discriminate on the …

… This catalogue and exhibition celebrate the founding, over 100 years ago, of the oldest surviving body for practising artists and the "advancement of art" in South Africa. Catering for all … The South African Society of Artists and its exhibitors, …

… Assessment on the alliance in the Western Cape between the African National Congress, the South African Communist … Alliance paper: the alliance in the Western Cape …

… During Anglo-Boer War 2, the British troops under General Redvers Buller launched a frontal attack in the Battle of Colenso with the intention to relieve the besieged town of Ladysmith. This … History. (1999). Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902 , Johannesburg: The Museum.|Wallis, F. (2000). Nuusdagboek: feite en fratse …

… Directive from Oliver Tambo, Acting President of the African National Congress, on the forthcoming Morogoro Conference. Provides brief overview of the previous two conferences held since the banning of the … Directive on the nature of the forthcoming conference …

… Speech by the guest speaker, Joe Phaahla, President of the Azanian Students' Organisation (AZASO), at the 59th Annual Congress of the National Union of South … The student movement in the struggle for democracy …

… By 1985 the struggle for democracy in South Africa had intensified, and the country found itself on the brink of a potentially … had tirelessly demanded an opportunity to discuss the future of the country with the government. So for the ANC it … Chapter 3 - Exploring the feasibility of negotiation …