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South Africa's freedom struggle by E.S. Reddy
… a clandestine organisation. And since going into exile in 1960, he played a key role in promoting underground and armed … of the underground South African…
ArticlePAC’s African Women’s Organisation
… call for the release of Theresa Ramashamola, one of the Sharpeville Six. The organisation sees national oppression …
BiographyStephen Joel Chifunyise
… Chinhoyi, where he completed sub A to standard I. In 1960 he moved to Mumbwa, Zambia where he attended Shamweti …
ArticleJohn Langalibalele Dube Timeline 1940-1950
… station of the American Zulu Mission (AZM), in Natal to Rev James Dube and his wife Elizabeth. 1877 Rev James Dube, the father of John Dube dies 1887-1888…
BiographyChief Hendrik ‘Hennie’ van Wyk
… that he had no choice but to become politically active. In 1960, Van Wyk married Joanna M. Jacobs. The couple had seven …
Biography of Miriam Makeba by Narcy Negrete
… activist. After she was exiled from South Africa in 1960, she used her success to shine a light on the ugly … Africa, which was released in 1959 in South…
Durban Mayors and other city officials
… (1924 - 26) HL Buzzard (1926 - 28) A Eaton (1928 - 29) Rev. A Lamont (1929 - 32) Oliver Lea (1932 - 33 ) Percy …
Oliver Tambo, 1 October 1987 - Reproduced in Oliver Tambo and the Struggle against Apartheid, edited by E. S. Reddy
… the African National Congress, who has been in exile since 1960, and Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu who have been in … persuaded to undertake the…
Oliver Tambo, October 1987
… the African National Congress, who has been in exile since 1960, and Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu who have been in … persuaded to undertake the…
Chapter 4 - Poor, yet generous Lesotho
… the book: Le Rona Re Batho (An account of the 1982 Maseru Massacre) by Phyllis Naidoo, South Africa, 1992 Exiles who … from banishment. With the emergency…
Memorandum delivered to De Klerk
… Memorandum delivered to President De Klerk by Rev Chikane, Rev Boesak and Archbishop Tutu outlining six points that they …
Interview with Frank Chikane
… Oral interview with Rev Frank Chikane, This interview was conducted just after Rev. Chikane's appointment as General Secretary of the South …
BiographyAlbertina Nontsikelelo Sisulu
Introduction Nontsikelelo Albertina Sisulu (née Nontsikelelo Thethiwe) was one of the prominent anti-apartheid South African leaders, widely referred to as…
ArchiveJock Strachan: Artist, guerilla, fighter pilot, bomb maker, fisherman, humourist, writer, hero
… who died this month aged 94 – prevented a probable second massacre of black demonstrators outside Central Prison in … police pointing Sten guns, only days…
ArticleConclusion: Black Consciousness Movement
… one created by the banning of the ANC and the PAC after Sharpeville. On the positive side, many youths had reached a …
EventAmy Biehl’s murderers receive amnesty from TRC
… attending the hearing. Vusumzi Samuel Ntamo, Ntombeki Ambrose Peni, Mzikhona Eazi Nofemela and Mongesi Christopher …
PlaceKilnerton Training Institution
… came to Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces. In 1880 the Rev. Owen Watkins started a “Trial Mission” in the Transvaal … before the arrival of the Missionaries…
ArticleA Luta Continua Dialogues, Episode 2: Policing and Resistance
… in Lekki, Nigeria. This has come to be known as The Lekki Massacre and the government has refused to take … continue to advocate for accountability for The…
Freedom movement in South Africa: Its International impact by E.S Reddy
… of ANC in 1958 for a boycott of South Africa and the Sharpeville massacre of 1960, millions of people around the world have been moved to …
BiographySolomon Kalushi Mahlangu
… protests commemorating the June 16 Uprising and the police massacre that followed. They travelled through Mozambique to …
BiographyJames la Guma
… emergency that followed the Sharpevillle shootings in 1960 and was detained for three months. la Guma's health …
ArticleSouth Africa and the United Nations, 1946-1990
… to South Africa to change its policies year after year. In 1960 the worldwide view changed as a result of the Sharpeville Incident. As from this point many…
PlaceDutch Reformed Church Hall, Uitenhage
… presentation of the magistrate approved by the governor. Rev. Cornelis Mol who was an Afrikaner from birth. In 1823, however Rev. Mol, for some reason…
ArticleA history of prison labour in South Africa
… political unrest. However, this soon changed in the post- Sharpeville period of the early 1960s, when the imprisonment …
ArticleBiko’s imprisonment, death and the aftermath
… as an international “problem” by the Western powers after Sharpeville in 1960. It was also kept on the agenda through sustained …
Community histories of Rustenburg
… of the Cape. The final break came with the appointment of Rev. Dirk van der Hoff (1814-1881) from Holland in 1853 as … spectrum of Transvaal nationalism. On…
Indian education in Natal
… Present were the Protector of Indian Immigrants, the Rev Ralph Stott and Mr Heury Binns, a planter. Not all … School Board, Verulam, Isipingo, Avoca,…
ArticleThe Strikes and Popular and Political Support
… of the strikes was the most significant development since Sharpeville and the turn to armed struggle. The striking …
ArticleSouth Africa’s Foreign Relations during Apartheid, 1948
… to South Africa to change its policies year after year. In 1960 the worldwide view changed as a result of the Sharpeville Incident. As from this point many…
Address by Nelson Mandela on behalf of the ANC delegation to the Conference of the Pan-African Freedom Movement of East and Central Africa Addis Ababa, January 1962
… every African household in South Africa knows about the massacre of our people at Bulhoek, in the Queenstown … striking peacefully for higher wages. The…