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ArchiveSymbols at Little Rock
… in public schools denies equal protection of the laws and so contravenes the Fourteenth Amendment to the …
79. Indian Parliament: separate can’t be equal
… In those thirty years, some of the most repressive laws devised by man were passed and enforced not for but against the subject races of South Africa; laws…
ArchiveRecollections of the Resurrection of Women’s Day, 40 Years Ago by Julie Wells
… work on my PhD research on black women’s struggles against pass laws. By then, I had been married for several years to …
Article1949 Anti Indian Pogrom in Durban
… Alliance which launched the 1952 Defiance of Unjust Laws Campaign in which Africans, Indians, Coloureds and …
ArchiveReservation of Separate Amenities Act, Act No 49 of 1953
… of a particular race or class, for the interpretation of laws which provide for such reservation, and for matters …
ArchiveCriminal Law Amendment Act, No 8 of 1953
… other assistance for any organized resistance against the laws of the Union; and to provide for matters incidental …
ArchiveThe Man Before Mandela by Steven Gish
… and had virtually no political rights. And because of the “pass” laws which restricted movement, they could not travel about … Black citizens because of…
EventANC President Albert Luthuli banned
… the 1952 Defiance Campaign, a non-violent, national, anti- pass protest, the apartheid government summoned him to …
ArchiveMinutes of the Black Sash National Conference held at Durban
… of previous conference, migrant labour, wages, labour laws, Campaign on African Women, resettlement, tax for Black …
A celebration of 70 years of ‘African Claims’ - ANC by Zizi Kodwa, 11 May 2015, South Africa
… court officials. Freedom of residence and the repeal of laws such as the Natives (Urban Areas) Act, Native Land Act … this freedom. Freedom of movement, and…
ArchiveNatives (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act, Act No 67 of 1952
… The Act was to repeal the laws relating to carrying passes by natives; to provide for …
ArticleThe Union of South Africa: Movement towards Republic
… abdicated its responsibility to influence the policies and laws enacted by South Africa. During this process, Britain … legislative procedures that would be…
Tribute to President Reginald Oliver Tambo by ANC Treasurer General Dr Mathews Phosa on the occassion of the OR Tambo Lecture, 27 October 2011, Kimberly, Northern Cape Province
… daily basis because of the litany of oppressive apartheid laws, including, but not limited to, Group Areas Act, Immorality Act and Pass Laws. They wanted to…
Statement at the International Labour Conference (extract) by O. R. Tambo, Geneva, 19 June 1986
… Botha regime are the repeal of the racist sex and marriage laws, amendments to labour legislation and proposed changes affecting influx control and the pass…
Statement by Oliver Tambo at the International Labour Conference,19 June 1986
… Botha regime are the repeal of the racist sex and marriage laws, amendments to labour legislation and proposed changes affecting influx control and the pass…
Working Life - Factories, Township and Popular Culture 1886 - 1940 - The Early Years at the Rand
… decisive push came from wars of conquest and the taxes and laws imposed by the government when the independent chiefdoms … black labour based on the contract…
EventHlubi Chief Langalibalele becomes one of the first Black activists to be tried and banished to Robben Island
… troops were killed in a clash on the Bushman's River Pass. Deemed to be in rebellion, the Hlubi chief was captured …
ArchiveRepression of the United Democratic Front under state of attack
… forces maintain their presence in the townships, draconian laws still exists and government plans to legislate yet …
8. Pillay and others petition the Viceroy of India
… document reflects most clearly how some Indians felt about laws, temples, curfews, arrest by 'Kaffirs', Sunday trading … coloured people being out of doors…
ArticleA Culture of Survival
… Up until 1956, only African men had to carry passes. A pass represented a means of controlling workers. At the end … of employment, an employer would write a…
ArticleA Spiral of Trials by Norman Levy
… so as to ensure that these people [the miners] do not pass over into the hands of others, this would be desirable … policed the labour force through the…
ArticleKKNK – Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees
… as a means to engage with public spaces and those who pass through them. Although Oudtshoorn and its wider Karoo …
ArticleThe African Students Association (ASA)
… on 21 March, 1960. On this day the PAC staged an anti-pass demonstration outside Sharpeville police station near …
ArticleThe Inquest into Biko’s Death and his funeral
… for the funeral were also arrested for not carrying their pass books, to prevent them from attending the funeral. …
SACTU press release in ‘New Age’, 22 November 1962
… opposition to Job Reservations and all discriminatory laws? Does he think that if these few courageous voices are … operating openly and legally. Draconian…
EventMohammed Valli Moosa is born in Johannesburg
… He found himself on the wrong side of apartheid laws for participating in political activities. Before he …
ArchiveMinutes of the Black Sash National Conference held at Cape Town 1979
… Human Rights in Law Conference, Freedom of Press, Criminal Laws Amendment Act, Police and Prisons, Education, Advice …
PlaceGeorge Division
… this was supplemented by ostrich farming. The Montagu Pass, which linked the coastal belt to the interior of the …
EventSouth African man walks from England to France through Channel Tunnel
… in his flip flops. Trains travelling at speed of 100 mph pass through the tunnel regularly. The speed at which they …
EventPAC leader Robert Sobukwe is released
… Robert Sobukwe, was arrested after the Sharpeville anti-pass campaign of 1960 and harshly sentenced to three years in …