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… a campaign against the pass laws. The aim was for a mass turning-in of passes at police stations, beginning on 21 … which could be mobilised by the leadership of the mass movement. A SACTU statement during the emergency correctly … nationalism can be a dynamic and irresistible force in history." [64] In fact, this became a "natural tendency" in …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew The … for liberty. Bread for the African People and freedom of movement and rights of organisation are the first essentials. … Representatives will not help the Native people. Only mass demands and demonstrations, mass organisation and a …

… groups of our country. Among them were the leaders of our movement, all our diplomatic functionaries, the chief … an occasion will constitute yet another milestone in our history. It is most satisfying, especially in our present … particular we fully share the view that the ANC has raised mass political consciousness to a scale unknown in our …

… groups of our country. Among them were the leaders of our movement, all our diplomatic functionaries - the chief … an occasion will constitute yet another milestone in our history. It is most satisfying, especially in our present … particular we fully share the view that the ANC has raised mass political consciousness to a scale unknown in our …

… a Xhosa organization, which prompted an interest in tribal history and encouraged economic independence from whites. … League, and is appointed its Treasurer. 1946 While the mass action of the African Miner’s strike is brutally … impetus to transforming the ANC from a reactive, protest movement to a mass organization. It was at this shift in …

… The student movement Rhodes Must Fall (#RhodesMustFall, #RMF) garnered … points for an extensive documentation of the current history being made by student and worker protests and … student protests. Friday 16 October Students have a mass meeting with Adam Habib, the V.C. at the Solomon House …

…   'UNITE! MOBILISE! FIGHT ON! BETWEEN THE ANVIL OF UNITED MASS ACTION AND THE HAMMER OF THE ARMED STRUGGLE WE SHALL … BY THE GUN! The gun has played an important part in our history. The resistance of the black man to white colonial … is on our side. The OAU, the UN and the anti-apartheid movement continue to put pressure on the racist rulers of our …

… and worked with him, but by the fruits of his endeavours. History called upon Steve Biko at a time when the political … strategy of divide-and-rule, to engender pride amongst the mass of our people and confidence in their ability to throw … oppressed groups of our society. Above all, the liberation movement asserted that, in struggle - in mass action, …

… all too clearly our powerlessness at this moment in history, with the forces of aggressive capitalism and ethnic … of music whilst becoming one of the main voices of the mass democratic movement of the 1980s. She has released three CDs one of …

… all too clearly our powerlessness at this moment in history, with the forces of aggressive capitalism and ethnic … of music whilst becoming one of the main voices of the mass democratic movement of the 1980s. She has released three CDs one of …

… of the union itself, the general state of the labour movement in our country, and definitely will chart a … Union - have always made decisive contributions in the history of our country and at every historical epoch of our … to have a major impact towards the revival of internal mass resistance to apartheid in the 1970`s until the …

… constitutes an especially noteworthy moment in women’s history. On 9 August 1956, thousands of South Africa women – … in the anti-apartheid struggle. Origin of the Women’s Movement Against Pass Laws In South Africa, pass laws were a … League within the ANC. Ngyoi advised that “only direct mass action will deter the Government and stop it from …

… [14] Photographs have an intimate relationship with history. Walter Benjamin wrote, "photographs become standard … producing a still photograph and the constant potential to mass-produce that photograph combine to characterize … and securing international support for the anti-apartheid movement. I present this paper as an exploration of the power …

… Clements Kadalie in the 1920s was the first success on a mass scale, but it dissolved as the organisation faced … the late 1960s by Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement . The BCM’s leaders realised the necessity of … saw a surge of unionism unprecedented in South African history. The Trade Union Advisory Co-ordinating Committee was …

… come out with an Indian edition of Comrade Lerumo's book - History of the Communist Party of South Africa; Fifty … with the birth of the South African Indian resistance movement under the leadership of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi … united struggle of the South African masses, every form of mass action including armed conflict, will overthrow this …

… Once more it is January 8th, the anniversary of your movement, the African National Congress. Today we observe its … enemy has been its attempt to liquidate the ANC and the mass democratic movement through a sustained campaign of … restrictions which are without precedent in our entire history. MILITARY OCCUPATION Many of our townships remain …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume Two 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew Document 31 … the basic general ideological concepts of the Unity Movement, on which we impeach and indite this defected clique … clear purpose must always be ultimately to found standing mass people's organisations. It is not just the unorganised …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew Document 91 … the Native people do not put up a sufficiently powerful mass organised struggle for better conditions of living and … organisation and action of an all in National Liberation Movement with the general slogan "Equality, Land and …

… Prison labour has a particularly debatable history in South Africa.  Historically, South Africa operated … cheap labour. The enforcement of laws regulating the movement of indigenous people later provided sufficient … rulers to ensure an accessible supply of forced labour. Mass arrests and detention without trial led to overpopulated …

… he guided and inspired the great Indian passive resistance movement of 1946-48 and lent it enormous support. Birth of … India in protest against the partition of Bengal and the mass boycott of British goods in the Swadeshi movement. The … event in the struggle and added a new dimension to the history of non-violent resistance. Liberation theology, which …

… and old, black and white - join hands to reflect on the history of struggle against racial oppression and tyranny and … aware that only in active struggle can the democratic movement shift the balance of forces in favour of the … staying power of our movement rests on firm links with the mass of the people. This is the only guarantee of victory. …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew Document 24 … necessarily renders the growth of a native nationalist movement a very slow process. The imperialists are in a … break-up of tribal society and the reduction of the main mass of natives to the condition of proletarians or peasant …

… exert public pressure from the left upon the policy of the movement. They feared losing control of the direction of the … the middle class. The ANC has never at any period in its history advocated a revolutionary change in the economic … an "anti-Nationalist front" - a front based not on mass unity in action, but on assembling the widest possible …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume Two 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew … Andries (1994), "Fragile Defiance: The African Resistance Movement", in lan Liebenberg, Fiona Lortan, Bobby Nel and … Philip and Bellville: Mayihuye. Phahle, Roseinnes (1987), "Mass Politics for the NEUM in Johannesburg ?"; unpublished …

… Abstract Through the efforts of a dominant women’s movement in apartheid, the democratic transition in South … change in the position of women I will briefly outline the history of women in South Africa. I will evaluate the reality … of articulating and defending interests, mobilising mass support, and creating strategic alliances (Hassim, 2005, …

… or their apathy, by saying, ‘We don’t actually have a history of feeling confident that people stand together in … National Congress (ANC), also known as “the Charterist Movement”, inside South Africa. “You must remember the … a reality in the Western Cape area. And they were fairly mass-based in the sense that issues were identified that …

… or their apathy, by saying, ‘We don’t actually have a history of feeling confident that people stand together in … National Congress (ANC), also known as “the Charterist Movement”, inside South Africa. “You must remember the … a reality in the Western Cape area. And they were fairly mass-based in the sense that issues were identified that …

… organisations in February 1988, its activists formed the Mass Democratic Movement  (MDM), led by COSATU. State Repression When Dr. … became the scene of the most sustained uprising in the history of the country. Strike activity on the rise A strike …

… women into the SACP, the trade unions, the liberation movement and the mass-based women’s movement became a subject of study, albeit … early 1970s to date. Researcher and analyst of theory and history of women’s struggles for social emancipation. Public …

… From:  South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew Document 28 … sufficient, is to ignore the other aspect of the native movement - the nationalist aspect. Before proceeding further … content for the time being and the chance of developing a mass movement will be lost. Some comrades believe that the …