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… speaks out on the possibility of a political strike. December , A new leadership nurtured in the African National … Nelson Mandela , Walter Sisulu , Oliver Tambo and others. December 17 , The African National Congress (ANC) adopts the … urging people to join the Defiance Campaign. December 16 , An unsigned memorandum prepared for the national action …

… War and more battles took place. During “Black Week” in December 1899 the British army lost many men. At this stage … loss and was replaced by Major-General Lord Kitchener on 16 December 1899, although he remained in charge in Natal. …

… and in Durban - for which the ANC claims responsibility. 16 June, On the anniversary of the Soweto uprising, police … stab wounds near a soccer field in Umlazi, Durban. 29 December, Winnie Mandela is banned for a further five years … for membership and furthering the aims of banned ANC. 2 December, Afrikaans poet, Breyten Breytenbach , is released …

… of the government select committee for Arts and Culture [16] . Text Box: Wally Serote, 1990. Photograph by Gisele … Nathaniel Nakasa. 2011. South African History Online. 6 December 2016 … of Black Consciousness.” South African History Online. 6 December 2016 /sites/default/files/Paper_Sam_Moodley.pdf ↵ …

… 000 Boers gathered at Paardekraal, near Krugersdorp on 8 December 1880. As a result a triumvirate of leaders; Paul … , Piet Joubert and M. W. Pretorius were appointed. On 13 December 1880 the leaders proclaimed the restoration of the … him to lead in the extra soldiers from Newcastle. On 16 February 1881 Colley agreed to stop fighting on condition …

… are at least five others in the Cape and the Transvaal. 7 December, A sit-down strike occurs at the Bethesda Bantu … wages, better housing, and better judicial rights. 1949 17 December, Through the initiatives of the ANCYL, the ANC … aimed at a communalistic and egalitarian society. 16 December, Activist Mthuli Shezi, one of the leading Black …

… over South Africa.  Several days after the protest, on 16 September 2019, President Ramaphosa announced that the … campaign,” South African Government, (Published:  3 December 2012), (Accessed:  30 March 2020), Available at … Violence,” South African Government, (Published:  11 December 2012), (Accessed:  30 March 2020), Available at …

… found resonance among black workers and the youth. In 1968 December South African Student Organization (SASO) was formed … against Afrikaans. The outbreak of Soweto Uprising on 16 June 1976 spread to other parts of the country in the … Greater Cape Town area as a result of student unrest. By December 1976 the revolt had died down but outbreak of …

… leaves his practice in South Africa to go back to India. December, Kasturba Gandhi leaves for South Africa with her … Africa. 1899 October, The Anglo-Boer War is declared. December, The Natal government reverses its decision and … by selling fruits illegally and is arrested. August 16, More restrictions are to be imposed on Indians with a new …

… end to colonial rule and political independence. 1946 18 December, Bantu Stephen Biko born in Kingwilliamstown 1952 … independence under the leadership of Kwame Nkrumah . 1958 December, The Sixth Pan African Congress, held in Africa for … collude with security police who question many students 16 December, BPC holds its first annual congress in …

… in Cape Town became prominent Poqo areas of operation. In December 1961 the PAC began its campaign of mobilising … himself to the police and confessed to Hoza’s murder. On 16 March 1962 Poqo convened a meeting where a decision to … Poqo was particularly active in the period October to December, 1962. Matanzima’s advisor was murdered on 14 …

… the direction of Mandela. The first explosion occurs on 16 December in Durban, followed by explosions in Johannesburg … the Assembly that during the recent disturbances (November-December 1962) in Pondoland, 4 769 Africans, 2 Europeans and …

… a journey it has been. At the end of the first week of December we reached 10 million page views. It is nice to know … drought. - 16th: Forty year anniversary of the 1976 June 16 Youth Protests.   - 25th: Black Coffee wins BET Award in … on 25 November 1966. - Flash floods hit Johannesburg DECEMBER Ongoing  trial of Zwelethu Mthethwa, a prominent …

… businesses, as well as a youth development programme. [16]   By the end of Zuma’s term in 2014, however, little dent … Sam. How arms-deal ‘bribes’ were paid. Mail & Guardian. 5 December 2008. … Alice. “Durban basks in Zuma’s ANC victory.” BBC News. 19 December 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7151935.stm …

… date is set for the Second Round-table Conference in December. July, Abantu-Batho (The People) ceases publication as an African National Congress organ. December, Communist-sponsored pass-burning campaigns … under Dr. Malan, retained the Nationalist Party. 16 June, The new Minister of the Interior in the Coalition …

… to continue garnering support in the rest of the world. 16 December, 1961 The SACP and the ANC decide to start an … Here he is trained in both printing and sabotage. 16 December 1961 first action undertaken by Umkhonto we Sizw …

… On 16 December, 1961, Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) was launched as an … as it was more commonly known, was launched on the 16th December 1961. On the same day in 1838, the Afrikaners had … first phase The first phase of armed action was to be the December 1961 sabotage campaign against government …

… the funeral of Michael Harmel in Prague, Czechoslovakia. December 16, Dadoo  speaks  at the laying of the memorial stone at the … anti-imperialist and anti-racist battles in South Africa." December, Dadoo represents the SACP at the fourth National …

… Reserve, and he subsequently leaves Adam's College. December, Call for a conference of all African organizations … Chief Luthuli issues a public statement entitled ' ' December, he is elected President-General at the African … to the Charter, half of them in the Transvaal. December 16-18, Chief Luthuli delivers his presidential address to the …

… married just as their lives were to change permanently. In December of 1964, Caiphus and Letta uprooted themselves from … Singer on Manne-Hole Stage. Los Angeles Times, 27 July, p. 16. Goldman, A. 1970. Has Soul Been Sold Out? New York Times, … . [Accessed 7 December 2016]. Naidu-Hoffmeester, R., 2013. Unisa honours …

… Xuma joins Alpha Phi Alpha, a nationwide Black fraternity. December 1919-January 1920: Xuma is part of the University’s … South Africa after spending 14 years studying overseas. 4 December: Xuma arrives back in South Africa on the RMS Saxon. … Party of South Africa ’s newspaper Inkululeko. 14-16 December: During his presidential address, Xuma declares …

… operations in the Eastern Cape. He was also charged with 16 counts of sabotage). Nolali Mpentse, Daniel Ndongeni and … converted into a museum. After this announcement, on 15 December 2011, President Jacob Zuma officially opened the … Zuma to honour 134 hanged political prisoners" (Online: 14 December 2011) Available at …

… election under the new constitutional dispensation, taking 16 seats in the 53-member Legco to KADU’s ten, but refuses to … and the raising of the Kenyan flag at a ceremony on 12 December 1963, attended by thousands of celebrating Kenyans. … minister Kenneth Matiba) and FORD-Kenya (led by Odinga). December 29 –Moi is re-elected as President in Kenya's first …

… on 18 March 1963 of a Black Special Branch detective. On 16 March 1962, Poqo activists attacked and killed Michael … armed wing, to carry the struggle forward. On 16 December 1961 MK announced its existence with a series of … execution was ignored by the apartheid government. On 20 December 1985, South African security forces raided Lesotho, …

… force in the Western Transvaal was also defeated on 16 November and he drowned in the Vaal River while attempting … a considerable blow. He eventually surrendered on 16 December, and was court-martialled and sentenced to death. He was executed on the 20 December.  Maritz and Kemp still fought on in the …

… Cup. The IRB instigates a World Cup feasibility study. 1 December, New Zealand and Australia form a joint working … Ireland. The number of teams participating increased from 16 to 20. The Final is played at Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, …

… 1972 October and December - Strikes at the Durban docks October 1972 - when … Durban Corporation strike, and are joined the next day by 16,000 workers at other Durban Corporation departments, the …

… 1924 5 December, Robert Mangaliso Sobukhwe is born in Graaff-Reinet … his studies and obtain a Degree in Native Administration.  December, Sobukwe is selected by Godfrey Pitje as the Youth … the name “Poqo” was first used in relation to the PAC. 16 March, Robert Sobukwe writes to the commissioner of …

… A.H. Sader. 24 November, Albert Christopher passes away. 9 December, The NIC began organising what was described as 'the … in Durban. It was advertised for Curries Fountain on 9 December 1960. Thousands turned up to hear Dr Monty Naicker, … Street. Guests included Dr Monty Naicker and Alan Paton . 16 December, Ronnie Kasrils led the attack on the Bantu …

… Mandela headed a nascent guerrilla army, one which on 16 December 1961 commenced a campaign of sabotage of state … training in a newly independent African country. In December 1961, the Pan-African Freedom Movement for East, …