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Article1960's Diaries of Nelson Mandela on his trip through Africa
“The time comes in the life of a nation when there remain only two choices –submit or fight”. In 2005 Dr Garth Benneyworth (Sol Plaatje University) located a…
The girl child
Gender differences manifest themselves in South Africa in the altogether different experiences of boys and girls in schools. A girl's position in the school …
Independent Electoral Commission
INDEPENDENT ELECTORAL COMMISSION IEC) Residents of Soweto queue up to cast their votes in South Africa's third democratic elections April 2004 VISION…
ArticleAfrikaner Broederbond
On 5 June 1918 disaffected Afrikaners were brought together in a new organisation called Jong Suid-Afrika (Young South Africa). The following year its name was…
The oldest forms of human communication
Some of the oldest forms of human communication include talking or making sounds, drawing or painting, dancing, acting, and using symbols. From sounds and…
Archive1996 - President Mandela, State of the Nation Address, 9 February 1996
Honourable President and Deputy President of the Senate; Honourable Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly; Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson…
ArticleBantu education and the racist compartmentalizing of education
In 1949 the government appointed the Eiselen Commission with the task of considering African education provision. The Commission recommended ‘resorting to…
ArticleThe Causes of World War I
In the years immediately preceding the First World War all the European countries were facing increased political dissent from the growing working class. The…
ArticleTimeline — Land Dispossession and Restitution in South Africa - 1995-2013
After the advent of democratic rule in 1994, the newly elected ANC led government was faced with the task of dealing with a legacy of centuries of land…
ArticleAfrican Nationalism
Introduction Nationalism refers to an ideology, a form of culture, or a social movement that focuses on the nation. It emphasises the collective of a…
ArticleThe Women of Marikana
The town of Marikana, formerly known as and still sometimes referred to as Rooikoppies (red hills), is based in Rustenburg, in the North West province of South…
Article2014 South African platinum strike: longest wage strike in South Africa
In democratic South Africa, the government allows citizens to express dissatisfaction through peaceful demonstrations. Workers are also allowed by legislation…
Chapter III - The world outside
From the book: Side by Side by Helen Joseph While I was living encapsulated in house arrest, the 1960s inexorably became a decade of disgrace, of repressive…
ArticleLand Restitution in South Africa since 1994
Land restitution is one of the key issues since South Africa achieved democracy in 1994 and as such an overview of what has been achieved since the…
Article1910-1924: African nationalism and working-class and popular protests
Introduction General Louis Botha headed the first government of the new Union of South Africa, with General Jan Smuts as his deputy. Their South African…
ArticleAfrican nationalism and working-class & popular protests, 1910-1924
General Louis Botha headed the first government of the new Union of South Africa, with General Jan Smuts as his deputy. Their South African National Party,…
ArticleThe role of traditional leaders during Apartheid
Introduction The institution of traditional leadership represents an early form of societal organisation. It embodies the protection of culture, traditions,…
ArticleSouth African Police Services (SAPS)
The South African Police Service (SAPS) that we are familiar with today has its origin after the Second Anglo-Boer War in 1902. Prior to the war each colony or…
A.I. Kajee His Work for the Southern African Indian Community - Chapter 9
From the book: A.I. Kajee His Work for the Southern African Indian Community by C. H. Calpin Kajee was always acutely aware that his Congress was not…
ArticleThe Anglo-Zanzibar War of 1896
The conflict between the British Empire and the Zanzibar Sultanate in 1896 is most notable for being the shortest war in recorded history, lasting less than…
In Conclusion: The Decline and Fall of the Tricameral Parliament
While the tricameral parliament was designed to co-opt Coloureds and Indians and to bring a renewed legitimacy to the Apartheid regime, developments in the…
ArticleArmed Struggle, the anti-apartheid struggle accelerates 1984-1990
In September 1984, riots broke out in the Transvaal and spread to other parts of the country. These riots continued until 1986, when the African National…
ArticleThe missionaries
Missionaries arrived in Pondoland in 1830 when Faku, the ruler of the Mpondo Kingdom from 1818 to 1867, allowed Wesleyan missionaries to establish a mission…
ArticleChieftaincy and Kingship in South Africa
Introduction In a democratic society, the observance of chieftaincy faces many problems. One of the key issues relates to chieftaincy operating on principles…
ArticleAmersfoort Legacy - History of education in South Africa
The opening moment of education in South Africa coincides with the foundation of the colonial experience at the Cape in 1652. Six years after the Dutch East…
ArticleThe Congress of the People, Kliptown 1955
The adoption of the Freedom Charter by the Congress of the People was widely recognised both in South Africa and internationally as an event of major political…
ArticleNo Land, No House, No Vote Timeline
2004 The Landless People’s Movement (LPM) organised a ‘No Land, No Vote’ campaign to coincide with the 2004 South African General Elections.[1] The campaign…
Defining Black Consciousness
" Black Consciousness is in essence the realization by the Black man of the need to rally together with his brothers around the cause of their oppression - the…
ArticleThe formation of SASO and the Black People’s Convention
Black university students had tried for many years to make progress through the multiracial and liberal National Union of South African Students (NUSAS). In…
Indian South Africans timeline 1970-1979
Indian South Africans Timeline: 1970-1979 1970 HA Naidoo passes away while still in exile. 17 February, African Peoples Democratic Union of Southern Africa …