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… On 24 January 1979, the Minister of Information, Connie Mulder , resigns his seat in Parliament at the insistence of the Prime Minister P. W. Botha as a result of his involvement in the Information Scandal . "Muldergate", … Connie Mulder resigns as a result of his involvement in plot to sell apartheid propaganda …

… The poverty and vulnerability of the South African Republic (Transvaal) prompted Disraeli's … This was an important step in achieving the federation of the South African colonies. However, Britain underestimated the fierce independence of Afrikaners in the Transvaal. An Afrikaner revolt in …

… Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), translated as "Spear of the Nation", was the active military wing of the African National Congress (ANC). It was formed in … (SACP) to fight against the apartheid government by means of guerilla attacks. MK was founded soon after the banning of …

… a statement condemning the Lockerbie bombing and loss of life that occurred as a result. The bombing killed all 243 … sustain peace and stability. It was the first mass killing of Americans by terrorists. Mandela proposed different … independent judges, or The Hague by an international court of justice."   After the bombing, Western leaders avoided …

… Johnson-Sirleaf  became the first elected woman as Head of State in Africa. Johnson-Sirleaf’s historic inauguration as President of Liberia was on 16 January, 2006. She became the 24th President of Liberia. Her historic achievement was the culmination of … Government of the Republic of Liberia, ‘Biographical Brief of Ellen …

… On 11 March 1960, for the first time in the history of South Africa, the Republican Referendum Bill was introduced to Parliament by the Deputy Minister of Interior Affairs P.W. Botha. The Bill provided that when a … either "Yes" or "No" to the question; "Are you in favour of a republic?" This was all that would appear on the ballot …

… active in the liberation struggle and with the inception of new democracy, held several positions, the most recent of which was the post of African National Congress (ANC) chief whip. In 2006, it … its chief whip Mbulelo Goniwe, after finding him guilty of sexual harassment …

… Africa in 1893, Mohandas Gandhi had first -hand experience of the discrimination faced by people of colour. His response to this was the establishment of the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in 1894. Within three … Mohandas K. Gandhi is arrested as he leads a march of Indian miners in South Africa …

… The Castle of Good Hope is the oldest surviving colonial building in … establishing a maritime replenishment station at the Cape of Good Hope for the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The main … built in accordance with 17th century European principles of fortification, comprising five strong bastions that …

… that many workers in the Cape Town area and in the rest of the country were not organized into unions. Consequently, … in the Western Cape. After joining the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) she took part in the anti-pass … Ray Alexander became instrumental in organizing workers of different racial groups of different trades. For example, …

… English and partly in Dutch, and started off as a weekly of four pages, until 1841 when it appeared twice a week, and … in the British Cape Colony at the time. The site of the offices and printing works was on the corner of Burg and Wale Streets in Cape Town, in a building …

… Introduction Part A: The unfolding of total strategy 1948 - 1989 1.     The many faces of apartheid repression 2.     The legal veneer 3.     The … 4.    Post-detention weapons 5.    The strangulation of activity 6.     Covert operations Part B: The cracks … A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman …

… Concorde. Church Square marks what used to be the centre of Pretoria, and what is now home to many historically … Chamber), which stands on the south western corner of Church Square. On 6 May 1889, South African President Paul Kruger laid the foundation stone of the Raadsaal, which was designed in a classical style by …

… Profile of a Death Row Prisoner: Paper Presented at the Black Sash … and ordinary prisoners on death row, apartheid, education of death row prisoners, statistics of access to legal representation and reasons for conviction, … Profile of a Death Row Prisoner: Paper Presented at the Black Sash …

… who were protesting against the pass laws in the township of Sharpeville, near Vereeniging in the Transvaal. Scores of people were left injured and others were detained. On 8 August 1960, charges against 53 of the 76 Africans detained after the Sharpeville massacre on …

… Following the assassination of the  former Secretary-General of the South African Communist Party (SACP) and chief commander of uMkhonto weSizwe (MK), the armed wing of the African … ‘Chris Hani's Assassination Put South Africa On The  Brink of  Civil War’ , from the Vice News , [online], Available at: …

… experienced a serious unemployment problem as a result of the Napoleonic Wars, the British government encouraged … people immigrate to the Cape Colony. The first groups of settlers arrived in Table Bay on board the Nautilus and … encouraged the immigrants to settle in the frontier area of what is now the Eastern Cape. This was in order to …

… The first Prime Minister of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Patrice Lumumba declared martial law in the Katanga region of the Congo as a result of the continuing secession crisis. … 2012)|Fessy T. (2010), ‘DR Congo: Celebrating 50 years of chaos’ , from BBC News, Kinshasa 30 June, [online], …

… Louis Ie Grange, Minister of Police and Prisons, stated in the House of Assembly that twenty-one trade unionists have been detained since the beginning of 1981.  Ten of the detainees have been released without … O’Malley, P.,  ‘1982’ , from Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory and Dialog , [online], Available at …

… Dr Piet Koornhof, one of the most controversial figures from South Africa's … era, died in a Stellenbosch frail care centre at the age of 82, following a stroke. Early in his life, as a Rhodes … a doctoral thesis that fully accepted the inevitability of black urbanisation. Koornhof was born in Leeudoringstad, …

… Report from the Head Office of the National Union of South African Students to the 56th Annual Congress of the National Union, University of Cape Town, November 1978. … Head Office Reports: Report of General Secretary to NSA - 56th NUSAS Congress 1978 …

… There were lengthy deliberations around the restoration of citizenship to the residents of Transkei, Bophutatswana, Venda and Ciskei. A Transitional … (TEC) was set up for these deliberations, consisting of the ANC and the SA government. These territories had about …

… Purple, pink, green and white poster. Artwork of a communications satellite orbiting the earth. Photographs of protesting people and news broadcasters. Maybe part of series of folders 3521-3529, plus folders 3532 and … news pictures are beamed into our homes from all parts of the world ... …

… Minutes of discussions held between South Africa and Mozambique to … discussed included the demilitarised zone, the reduction of tension, the return of refugees, border surveillance and the reactivation of the … Minutes of the Meeting between RSA and Angola representatives at …

… Report by Neville Curtis, President of the National Union of Students calling on people to join the struggle against … Appendix to President's Report at the 47th Annual Congress of the Union, University of Natal, Durban, July 1971. … A call for solidarity with the students and people of South Africa fighting against racism …

… On 19 February 1962, the first part of the South African Press Commission's first report was tabled in parliament by the Minister of the Interior, de Klerk. The report, which had taken eleven years of planning, was made up of two volumes totalling 700 pages, …

… Glenmore Removal Group to Dr. Viljoen, Minister of Co-operation and Development requesting for Glenmore residents to be returned to the Republic of South Africa because of the poor living conditions at Glenmore and also the … N. Botlani and Z. Peter addressed to Dr Viljoen, Minister of Cooperation and Development …

… and the Boers. In March 1901 Lord Kitchener, the commander of the British forces, decided to cut off the Boers supply of food. The Boers were being supported by farmers so he … put into separate concentration camps. Towards the end of the war approximately 116 000 Boer women and children were …

… On the night of 12 January, 1991, more than 30 people were killed while … and community leader, Chris Nangalembe who was a member of the African National Congress (ANC). Nangalembe died on 5 … was later found at a rubbish dump in the nearby township of Boipatong. While attending the vigil, a gang of armed men …

… years earlier the "Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State (1933)" was put forward. This convention promulgated the protection of certain animal species, which included the African … Governments all over the world agreed to the terms of this convention, including the Union of South Africa, …