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… their movement controlled by the internal passport, or "pass law" system that affects every black working man, their … to unionise in order to win higher wages and remove the pass system. On the 27 September 1917, the study groups are … to a Native Congress-sponsored campaign against the pass laws, launched in March 1919. When the conservatives in …

… to them as members of a supreme White race. Divorce laws, laws governing succession, illegitimacy and … apartheid. They live in constant fear of arrest under the Pass Laws and suffer incredible humiliations in the prisons … in 1957) they have demonstrated against the extension of Pass Laws to women. They also campaigned against Bantu …

… that there are very great privileges reserved, by the laws referred to, to the wearers of a coloured skin, we may … to obtain exemption from liability to carry a personal pass renewable from time to time and bearing a certain fee. … of the exemption certificate in exchange for the ordinary pass. Beyond this, the Ordinance gives no relief, and leaves …

… and announced a new campaign, the Defiance of Unjust Laws Campaign, to commence on 26 June. 27 April, Walter … Cape, had courted imprisonment for defying the unjust laws of the land. 8 November, Police fire on demonstrators in … movement.   1959 The ANC and PAC organised separate anti-pass campaigns. Dr. H.F. Verwoerd announces the plan to …

… under the lash of the colour bar that are hounded by the pass laws, deprived of the right to live a normal life by section … the industrialists and finance capitalists are against the pass laws, should we not welcome their co-operation in a …

… Charter-Bill of Rights. Then there was the National Anti-Pass Campaign Committee, the Unity Fact between the three … two of Dr. Xuma's political ventures: The National Anti-Pass Committee, and The Unity Pact of the Three Doctors. … shows up in a most reprehensible light. To choose the Pass Laws as an issue and isolate them from the rest was to …

… African women in 1953 marched in protest against the pass laws being imposed on them. The government used its training … administration, to hand in a petition against the pass laws to Prime Minister Strijdom. Police dogs were set on …

… of all race oppressions and discriminations, such as pass laws. In recent years it has succeeded in drawing into its … ministerial and other public offices. Total repeal of the pass laws. Abolition of hut and poll taxes, and of other …

… 'Laws do not make a better society, people do ... it is …

… trade was abolished. These slaves were subjected to Dutch laws, customs and were exposed to racist ideologies where …

… will, the slave owners and the VOC needed a system of laws to ensure that slaves were kept in their subordinate … beatings like these were very common even though the laws were written to avoid them. The story of Dina can be … Revolution in Government”. These changes imposed British laws and the English language on the reluctant Boers, and …

… Jerry Dibanhlele Kotane, Moses M. Kumalo, Joseph M. 'Anti-Pass' La Guma, Alex Lee-Warden, L. B. (M.P.) Letele, Dr. …

… (PAC) called on Black South Africans to leave their pass books at home and thereafter gather peacefully at police …

… , the Act was not entirely without precedent. The security laws of the 1950s and 1960s served as clear models for the … 1978, 155). Criminal Procedure Act and Other Security Laws The Criminal Law Amendment Act, No. 8 of 1953 bears many … for those protesting the government or any of its laws, for inciting or encouraging another person to protest, …

… land where they please and demands the repeal of existing laws under which Africans: Indians and Coloureds are already … future. Mr. Cookson: The Africans paid 21-. a month for a pass and were liable to imprisonment for failure to produce it when required. This pass system affected trade unions a great deal, as pass …

… roughly 7 percent of the land in 1936. The Native Laws Amendment Act (1937) aimed at bringing urban policy in … the land laws and the reserve system, poll taxes, pass laws, urban areas legislation, and the color bar and … Youth League activists. Ironically, the campaign against pass laws had been launched in November 1943 by the Gammunist …

… in response, introduced two savage new security laws, the 90-Day Law and the Sabotage Act. The new laws did … from the next higher level. I would therefore need to pass through Johannesburg to get clearance from our High … various institutions of apartheid administration, such as pass offices and “Native Administration” offices which were …

… the Riotous Assemblies Act, in open violation of slave laws, like the pass laws, refusal to pay taxes, etc. These processes now … nationalist movement; the leadership will then pass into the hands of petty-bourgeois politicians and …

… widespread support the ANC had in the township The Native Laws Amendment Act of 1952 is passed, destined to provide the …

… 1913. The league worked at ‘ uniting African women against pass laws, rising food prices ’ and forms of discrimination at … in 1954 as well as the mass demonstrations for the anti-pass campaign in 1956. In 1960, the ANC was banned and thus …

… which she denounced the violence, denounced discriminatory laws, affirmed the resisters' commitment and appealed to the … the ANC and were drawn into women's issues like the anti-pass campaign. Amina Cachalia , sister of Zainap Asvat, and …

… against blacks became the order of the day with laws such as the 1913 Land Act, which removed most black … and militant, particularly in campaigns such as the anti-pass campaign. It is probably fair to say that the mass … by murdering 69 unarmed people at a peaceful anti-pass protest. Protest swelled throughout South Africa, and …

… Nazi Elements Dr. Dadoo went on to trace how successive laws affecting the African and Indian people have led to … faith in the masses of the people. We have broken a pass law which affects our people, but there are many pass and permit laws which affect four-fifths of our …

… BEEN NINETY-FIVE YEARS SINCE THE FORMAL PROTESTS AGAINST PASS LAWS, firstly by women in the Free State and also anti-pass campaigns organised in the Transvaal. IT HAS BEEN NINETY …

… against blacks became the order of the day with laws such as the 1913 Land Act, which removed most black … and militant, particularly in campaigns such as the anti-pass campaign. It is probably fair to say that the mass … by murdering 69 unarmed people at a peaceful anti-pass protest. Protest swelled throughout South Africa, and …

… arrogance of the white colonists found ready expression in laws denying them any semblance of civil liberties and … people: the great African Mineworkers` Strike, the Anti-Pass Campaign and the Passive Resistance Campaign against … jointly launched the great Defiance of Unjust Laws campaign in 1952 as the practical testing ground of …

… arrogance of the white colonists found ready expression in laws denying them any semblance of civil liberties and … people: the great African Mineworkers` Strike, the Anti-Pass Campaign and the Passive Resistance Campaign against … jointly launched the great Defiance of Unjust Laws campaign in 1952 as the practical testing ground of …