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Article1960-1966: The genesis of the armed struggle
The 1960s marked an important watershed in South Africa's struggle against apartheid. The aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre, in 1960, signalled the…
PlaceTable Mountain Water Supply
Table Mountain is probably one of the most famous iconic landmarks of the world and dominates much of the picturesque, Cape Peninsula. Extending for 2km from…
ArticleOn Trial: State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 16) On Trial State versus Abram Fischer and Thirteen Others The change from…
Solitary confinement
From the book: My Spirit Is Not Banned by Frances Baard and Barbie Schreiner That was terrible. I spent a year in solitary confinement. I stayed there for…
ArticleHealth and welfare
South Africa is a country of relative prosperity, with vast resources and a modern infrastructure. In contrast to this, it is plagued by persistent and…
EventAdriaan Vlok applies for amnesty
Former apartheid era Minister of Law and Order, Adriaan Vlok, applied to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) for amnesty for his role in the bombing…
The Gandhi You May not Know by Rajmohan Gandhi
In 1942, shortly before Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, I was present in Sevagram as a six-and-a-half-year-old child. My memories…
EventTutu is outraged by De Klerk’s denial of responsibility for apartheid’s atrocities
National Party (NP) leader F W de Klerk's failure to accept that the former NP government's policies had given security forces a licence to kill was…
In conclusion
“the hardship of the workers made me determined never to give up” When we first went to Hondeklipbaai and Doringbaai the workers were suffering. People in the…
ArchiveChapter 18 New Life Number 9 2002- 2009 by Denis Goldberg
It helped enormously that I had a post to go to. Ronnie Kasrils was meticulous in requiring me to provide real information showing that I could indeed handle…
The ANC and the Women’s League
From the book: My Spirit Is Not Banned by Frances Baard and Barbie Schreiner One day when I got up to go to work it was very cold, and it was raining outside…
EventTshifiwa Muofhe, a Lutheran Church elder suspected of complicity in the Sibasa Police Station bomb blast, dies in police custody
In October 1981 Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) operatives bombed Sibasa Police Station in independent Vendaland. Several policemen were killed in the attack. The…
Address by the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, at the Celebrations of the Bicentenary of the Independence of Haiti: Port-AU-Prince, 01 January 2004 Your Excellency, President Jean-Bertrand Aristide,
Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, The people of Haiti: Thank you very much for allowing us this opportunity to celebrate the Bicentenary of one of the…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1980s
1980 is declared the Year of the Charter, marking the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the Freedom charter in 1955. 1980 SACTU declares the year as…
ArticleUniversity Christian Movement (UCM)
In July 1967, the University Christian Movement (UCM) held its founding congress in Grahamstown, with about 90 clergymen and students in attendance. The…
Pretoria the Segregated city
Contents Pretoria the Segregated city The Tomlinson Report Atteridgeville and Saulsville Hammanskraal Mamelodi Mabopane Laudium Eersterus …
ANC statement on the high court`s ruling against IT, 29 October 1998
The ANC has noted with disappointment the verdict of the High Court - Cape Division on the case between itself and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. …
ArticleWomen and Children in White Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War, 1900-1902
Due to the fact that Black People were detained in separate camps, the issue of Black Concentration Camps is dealt with in another chronology.Boer women,…
Biography of Arthur Nortje by Kangkang Yang
Abstract: For most of his life, Arthur Nortje’s poetry remained relatively unknown, especially since he died very young at 28. Activist Dennis Brutus called…
EventP.W. Botha appears in court
Former State President P.W. Botha appeared in court for refusing to testify at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The former South African State…
Article2016 in Review
In 2016 South Africa History Online celebrates 15 years of being a public open source heritage site. What a journey it has been. At the end of the first week…
Local Government
When disaffected groups of Dutch farmers from the Cape reached the Trans-Gariep region, they brought with them a mindset that was essentially rural and…
ArchiveDeborah Matshoba’s fight against Apartheid by Alec Russo
Apartheid in South Africa is a political system of segregation that perpetuated unequal relationships between Europeans and their descendants and local people…
ArchiveFrom the Archive of Steve Bantu Biko by Mafika Gwala, 23 May 2019
Mafika Gwala was a significant South African writer, who emerged in the 1960s and 1970s. A prominent activist of that era, he expressed the political needs and…
The genesis of the armed struggle, 1960-1966
Introduction Sharpeville shortly after the shootings © Museum Africa. The 1960s marked an important watershed in South Africa's struggle against apartheid…
Book 6: Negotiation, Transition and Freedom - Introduction
From the book: Book 6: Negotiation, Transition and Freedom commissioned by The Department of Education Chris Hani The most talked-about turning point in…
Delegations and dialogue between ANC and internal non government groups
The African National Congress (ANC) in exile developed strategies to influence public opinion within South Africa with the view to rebuilding its clandestine…
Burundi: A year later, still in crisis by Simon Allison (Daily Maverick), 05 May 2016, South Africa
This, according to Marie-Louise Baricako, a prominent gender activist from Burundi, is what life is like at the moment for that beleaguered country’s citizens…
EventAlleged Mk members are killed
The South African Police (SAP) and the South African Defence Force (SADF) ambushed and killed six alleged Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) members on the Breslau Road…
ArchiveChapter 6 Underground in Joburg by Denis Goldberg
In the early 1960s, following the sharpeville massacre and the state of emergency, there were more than 100 sabotage attacks across the country. The government…