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ArchiveThe Final Prize - Contents and Preface
… “enabling” legislation for perpetuating white rule. The Defiance Campaign (effectively civil disobedience) was in part a … of the People (COP) evolved during…
BiographyBheki Cele
Life and Early Career Bhekokwakhe (Bheki) Hamilton Cele was born on 22 April 1952 to Albertina Mtshali and Gillford Cele at uMuzumbe Mission Hospital near…
ArticleNon-European Unity Movement (NEUM)
… had already been planned by members of the WPSA in their campaign against a government plan to set up a Coloured … of the NEUM: the fact that at the same…
Article1946 Indian Passive Resistance Timeline
… of the Transvaal to mobilise support for the resistance campaign. Within a fortnight they travel to 15 different … pitch five tents on a piece of vacant…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1980-1989
… Qoboza , editor of Sunday Post in Johannesburg, launches a campaign for the release of Nelson Mandela , and receives … People’s Power’ and proposes a…
GANDHI THE PRISONER
… of our freedom struggle in the apartheid era. Our Defiance Campaign of 1952, too, followed very much on the lines that … like Gandhi, organised arrests in…
Freedom movement in South Africa: Its International impact by E.S Reddy
… launched a non-violent passive resistance movement – the Campaign of Defence against Unjust Laws in 1952, in which … non-violent resistance. Soon after the…
Women’s Food Committees in Cape Town during the 1940s
… 1950s and 1960s. Dorothy Zihlangu identifies a successful campaign by women against apartheid in the market at Salt …
15th Anniversary of 1922 Rand Strike - South African Worker, 27 February 1937
… who went to the gallows singing the "Red Flag", hurling defiance at the executioners and striking fear into the …
Address by President Mandela on receiving the freedom of Boksburg Boksburg, 26 June 1997
… conservatism, it was also renowned for its part in the Defiance Campaigns of 1952 and 1988 which helped our nation … in joint efforts to improve our children…
Document 34 - Letter from the Executive Bureau, Communist Party of South Africa, to the Executive Committee, Comintern
… is couched in the form of a demand. Like an election campaign or referendum (c.f. recent campaigns initiated by … with the holding of meetings, mass…
ArticleBambatha Rebellion 1906
… Tax' unleashed one of the most brutal and bloody armed campaign to suppression the challenge to British colonial … colonial forces, using the Nkandla Forest…
ArticleSouth African Constitution: The Bill of Rights
… inciting boycotts, strikes and civil disobedience in defiance against the Apartheid laws being instituted by the … together a document outlining the core…
ArticleGandhi and the burning of passes
… an office in Johannesburg. He wasted no time in mounting a campaign to oppose the new law. Gandhi contacted Leung Quinn, … it marked the beginning of the…
Indian passive resistance in South Africa: 1946 - 1948 by E. S. Reddy
… at the University of Natal in Durban, he described the campaign as "an epic of our struggle for liberation" and paid … passive resisters, including seven…
Resistance Photography and Mobilization of the Resistance, 1946-1976
… and published an eight page photographic essay of the Defiance Campaign. The issue sold out 65,000 copies reaching a new … the 1950's in detail: the…
A tribute to Indres Naidoo by Glen Moss
… saw what was probably Nusas’s most daring and radical campaign, focusing on the history of opposition to apartheid, … negotiations. Student leadership had…
ArticleKasturba Gandhi timeline 1869 - 1944
… in the Transvaal’s main towns and cities. The Satyagraha campaign to resist registration begins. It is non-violent, … of Rami, daughter of Harilal and Gulab…
A tireless campaigner by Jaspreet Kindra, 29 October 2003, South Africa
… Metro, says he would do it all over again. His life of defiance began at the age of seven, when a white bus driver … As a ward councillor, Bonhomme is now…
ArticlePublic Protest in Democratic South Africa
… organization and movement such as the Right to Know Campaign, Treatment Action Campaign, rights group Section 27, Citizen for Marikana Campaign, Operation…
Soweto forty years on: The Black student rebellion of 1976 by Professor Noor Nieftagodien
… of students in these movements. This spirit of black defiance was most memorably demonstrated in April 1972 at … Tiro and other bc figures embodied…
Appendix 1: Freedom Fighters On The March: A Message From Dr. Y. M. Dadoo To The Indian People
… the history of our people. The Passive Resistance Campaign of1946 against the Ghetto Act inspired our people … playing ourpart in stay-at-homes, hartals, the…
A call to the people of South Africa: Oliver Tambo, 02 May 1987
… to the successes scored in the current revolt; in defiance of State terror they have launched SAYCO, the … further to people`s power. The regime is engaged…
Second World War and its impact, 1939-1948
… Council were set up. Alexander Bus Boycotts The first campaign in the 1940s took place in Alexandra Township. There … envisaged fare hike. The 1946 Indian…
ArticleSouth African Constitutional Development Timeline 1902 - 1997
… by the Organization of African Unity (OAU). September, A Defiance Campaign and marches are organized by structures of the Mass … July, In the announcement of…
ArticleThe British Anti-Apartheid Movement
… the country. From small beginnings, the AAM developed a campaign that became one of the most powerful international … Africa, the resolve of the Boycott…
The National Anthem
… an anthem at political meetings. It was sung as an act of defiance during the apartheid years. The first stanza is …
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement (BCM)
… by and large been achieved, but elements of resistance and defiance continued to emerge. Biko’s death threatened to …
The Ideology of the Black Consciousness Movement
… same time, Black workers began to organise trade unions in defiance of anti-strike laws. In 1973, there were strikes …
Gandhiji and the struggle for liberation in South Africa
… Transvaal had launched, in July 1907, a passive resistance campaign against the Asiatic Registration Act (the Black Act) … African leadership in 1952, aptly…