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Women’s Resistance Against the Pass Laws
During its long history of struggle, the ANC has always been in the vanguard of the struggle against racism, today known by the name 'apartheid". Some of these…
ArticleMessage of the National Executive Committee of the ANC, delivered by Mr. Tambo, at the funeral of Dr. Yusuf M. Dadoo
1 September 1983, London We are gathered here to pay homage to an outstanding leader of the African liberatory struggle, a comrade and friend who devoted…
ArticleStrong and Unnoticed: The Women of the UDF by Reid Arnold
Abstract The UDF was an umbrella organization that was founded to unify the hundreds of Anti-Apartheid movements occurring in the 1980s. Female leaders such…
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
As the 1950s gave way to the 1960s the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) both announced plans to tackle the pass laws for…
ArticleA decade by decade events account of the women’s struggle in South Africa
1905 Charlotte Maxeke, formerly a Kimberley schoolteacher, becomes the first South African Black woman to receive a Bachelor's degree. While on a choir…
ArticleConvention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA)
On October 25 1991, ninety-two organisations that were united in their opposition to apartheid gathered in Durban to form the Patriotic Front. The Front…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969
Yusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969 1960 March 16, The Boycott Movement, in London, is renamed the Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM). Tennyson Makiwane, Vella…
ArticleTimeline — Land Dispossession and Restitution in South Africa - 1995-2013
After the advent of democratic rule in 1994, the newly elected ANC led government was faced with the task of dealing with a legacy of centuries of land…
ArticleThabo Mbeki (1942 - ) Timeline
Historical Context to Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki 1932 Epainette Moerane (Ma Mofokeng Clan Name) Meets Govan Mbeki at Taylor Street Secondary School. 1935 …
Biography of Barry Gilder by Sofia Pullen
Barry Gilder – The ANC Musician, Soldier, and Spy Abstract Barry Gilder is one of South Africa’s most important revolutionaries that fought against the…
ArticleThe South African War 1899-1902
On 9 October 1899 the SAR issued an ultimatum to Britain and two days later, on 11 October the war was officially declared between Britain and the Boers. The…
ArticlePassive Resistance Campaign Timeline
1906 11 September, A mass meeting of Indians took place at the Empire Theatre in Johannesburg in connection with the agitation at present going on in the…
Origins: Formation, Sharpeville and banning, 1959-1960
For many years there was tension within the African National Congress (ANC) between those with different ideological and theoretical views. One of these views…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1960s
1960 1 January, Minister of Bantu Education assumes control of University College of Fort Hare.African students are prohibited from attending formerly "open…
ArticleGrade 9 - Term 4: Turning points in modern South African History since 1948
For this complex period to be studied, the Sharpeville massacre, Soweto uprising and the release of Nelson Mandela and unbanning of liberation movements have…
ArticleLouis van Mauritius and the Slave Revolt of 1808
The unique nature of slavery in the Cape Colony hindered many attempts at wide-scale resistance on the part of Cape slaves. Instead many slaves’ attempts at…
ArticleSouth African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU)
In the 1930s various trade unions from different backgrounds ranging from conservative craft unions, white racist industrial unions, white dominated racially…
ArticleThe Anti-Apartheid Movement Abroad 1906 - 1990
1906 The African National Congress (ANC) sends a delegation to the UK in response to the implementation of new land laws in the Orange Free State, which had…
ArticleCape Town Timeline 1300-1997
Photograph of a Khoisan lady. Source: unknown 1300-1599 c.1300-c.1500 The Khoisan are established as the dominant power in the southern and south…
ArticleANC Women’s League (ANCWL)
When the African National Congress (ANC) was formed in 1912, it did not accept women as members. In 1918, the government threatened to reintroduce pass laws…
Article2016 in Review
In 2016 South Africa History Online celebrates 15 years of being a public open source heritage site. What a journey it has been. At the end of the first week…
ArticleThe Freedom Charter by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 10) Time for a Chartist Movement The idea of the Freedom Charter and the…
Johannesburg Timeline 1800-1991
1806 Sir John Barrow indicates on a map that gold is to be found in the approximate vicinity of either the Witwatersrand or the Magaliesberge. 1852 Gold…
ArticleCuba and the struggle for democracy in South Africa
The revolution in Cuba, culminating in Fidel Castro’s seizure of power on 1 January 1959, was from the beginning based on a non-racial ethos, and revolutionary…
ArticleState of Emergency - 1985
The year of 1985 signaled the beginning of the end of apartheid society and governance in South Africa. Following an upsurge of violent and non-violent…
ArticleBattle of Cuito Cuanavale 1988
Introduction The battle of Cuito Cuanavale and the Cuban intervention in Angola is one of the turning points in Southern African History. It led to the…
ArticleThe Conflict between the AZAPO and the UDF - popular violence in the 1980s and 1990s
Popular violence in the decade between 1984 and 1993 is well documented. Existing literature on this brutally violent chapter in the history of the liberation…
ArticleNapoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte. Source: www.historywiz.com A new absolute ruler After the fall of Robespierre in 1794, a new group of people took over the government…
ArticleRustenburg Timeline 1850-2001
1850 The Nederduitsch Hervormde Church (Nederduitsch Reformed Church) establishes a congregation in Rustenburg. 16 November, A Hervormde congregation is…
ArticleJune 16 Soweto Youth Uprising timeline: 1976-1986
1976 According to the government-appointed Cillie Commission of Enquiry 575 people died. Police action resulted in 451 deaths. 3 907 people were injured…