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… in 1824, when a small trading party made their base here. By the beginning of 1837, parties of disaffected Dutch … on 4 May 1842 and pitched camp on the site now occupied by the Old Fort. In response, a Dutch commando then appeared … refused to comply, the Dutch attempted to force the issue by stealing his cattle. The British did not take kindly to …

… From: Lessons of the 1950s By Richard Monroe, March-May 1984 Chapter 9 - Division … in the ranks of Congress activists. They did so precisely by throwing a spotlight on the dilution of Congress policies … The Congress leadership, therefore, if we are to judge by its actions and utterances, recognises the Nationalist …

… Gomas Voice of the working class: A political Biography by Doreen Musson The decade after 1935 can quite justifiably … be called a renaissance in the history of struggle by the oppressed in South Africa after the "dark years" of … on the question. Using as a point of departure, the motion by the Cape Literary Society that "organisation along the …

… was made in Zurich, where South Africa was represented by a delegation that included Nelson Mandela and Head of the … Committee, Danny Jordan. South Africa beat Morocco by four votes to win the bid. The victory was a morale … as South Africa had previously lost the bid to Germany by a single vote in 2000.   …

… The Staatsmodelskool (State Model School), started in 1893 by President Paul Kruger in central Pretoria, was refurbished by Lord Alfred Milner and opened as the Pretoria Boys High … grew rapidly and the number of pupils increased to 132 by August 1901. The girls were transferred to the Pretoria …

… A Documentary History of Indian South Africans edited by Surendra Bhana and Bridglal Pachai In 1966, the Government … fifteen of whom were to be appointed and fifteen elected by Indians serving on local authorities. The council's … until his death in February 1979. Source: Copy supplied by the late Dr. M. B. Naidoo. It is recorded that the year …

… Gomas Voice of the working class: A political Biography by Doreen Musson South African history can legitimately be … A second group, the San, or Abatwa, lived entirely by hunting and food-gathering. These two groups occupied the … past the Olifants River. The eastern sea-board, occupied by the Nguni, was contiguous with that of the Khoisan, …

… journey has derived its inspiration from a vision forged by our nation as a whole, reinforced by the dedication, sacrifices and efforts of the South … in the rest of the National Defence Force, are inspired by a vision of a society in which liberty and lives of …

… From: Lessons of the 1950s By Richard Monroe, March-May 1984 Chapter 11 - SACTU in the … the banning of the political organisations looked to by the mass of the workers, the working-class movement had … that was crushing or conclusive. The trade unions built by SACTU and oriented to Congress, weak as they still were, …

… African rights. The initiative for the project was taken by Pixley ka Izaka Seme. Seme was born in Inanda, near … called the letter a manifesto. [2] The importance attached by Gandhi to this African congress was demonstrated later in … of Gandhi. The South African Government was encouraged by Britain to treat him with due respect. He was provided …

… A memorial stone was erected over Shakas grave in 1932 by the Zulu nation and was declared a national monument on … The cliff is on the outskirts of Stanger, and can be found by going up Cato Street, over a bridge towards the cemetery, … many of his warriors were required to prove their courage by leaping from the rock into the sea. High Rock is in the …

… in Johannesburg in 1971. The documentary is narrated by Timol's nephew Imtiaz Ahmed Cajee, author of,  Timol: Quest for Justice , and directed by Enver Samuel.   A police inquest concluded that Timol … trap him – which could mean his murder was premeditated by police.    Samuel recalls listening awe-struck to Timol's …

… and his officials. Background: Who were the 'burghers'? By 1657, the market for work in the Cape, under central direction by the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), was … of their own to cultivate. This development was approved by the VOC, and these independent farmers become known as …

…   The House was designed and built by the Architect William Street-Wilson who was responsible … became known as the "Brown House" Recently (1988) acquired by Stauch Vorster. A significant Berea Villa of the Victorian … Manor-House together with the front Garden, Bordered by Musgrave Road, Durban. Two storeyed gabled Veranda but …

… sandstone structure dates from 1902 when it was designed by Herbert Baker for De Beer Cold Storage Syndicate, a meat outlet in Simonstown owned by Cecil Rhodes. From 1903 to 1921 it was used by the company's successor, the Imperial Cold Storage & …

… one of the most progressive in the world. It was approved by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996 and signed by President Nelson Mandela in Sharpeville, Gauteng on 10 December 1996. Among the laws contained by the Constitution is the Bill of Rights, which is a …

… taken - De La Rey had been forced to reverse his decision by the burghers of his Commando. General Methuen was defeated and captured by General De La Rey on 7 March 1902 in the Battle of … Western Transvaal. This was the last important battle won by the Boer forces. Methuen and more than 870 soldiers were …

… To fund the activities of AQIM, Abou Zeid made millions by kidnapping Westerners for ransom. In 2012, AQIM took … He was killed on 25 February 2013 in Northern Mali by French and Chadian troops. His death was officially confirmed by AQIM in June 2013. …

… Hundreds of men, women and children led by Mahatma Gandhi marched from Newcastle, Natal Colony (now … Regulation Act of 1913 (Act no. 22). Gandhi was followed by two parties led by Thambi Naidoo and Albert Christopher. This marked one of …

… London, Eastern Cape after strike meetings were banned by the government. 17 protesters were killed, as well as an Irish Nun who was stoned to death by the mob. The riots happened five months after the start of … other major city centres. The period 1950 -1952 was marked by a commitment to militant African nationalism, mass action, …

… cooperation and peace, the League of Nations, established by the Allied Powers at the end of World War I was officially … Wilson of the United States of America (USA), was weakened by the failure of that country to join. The organisation … ceased its operation during World War II and was replaced by the new international body, the United Nations, in 1946. …

… Produced by the "Wages Commission", Isisebenzi was a newspaper for … and the right to organise. Isisebenzi No. 1 was produced by students who believed that a workers' newspaper would say more when it was written by workers; contributions in the form of articles, drawings …

… Afra Newsletter, Report and Factsheet, all published by the Association for Rural Advancement, present case studies of families personally affected by the forced removals and "black spot" removal policy of the … of Government legislation. Afra Newsletter is preceded by Afra Report and Afra Factsheet. …

… and the imposition of an economic system controlled by whites. They differed in terms of the kinds of educational … and religious traditions had been significantly challenged by the spread of Christianity. On the other hand people … (2) Hence the pioneers of twentieth century art by black South Africans arise out of three distinct yet …

… A Documentary History of Indian South Africans edited by Surendra Bhana and Bridglal Pachai The President's Council … that if there were no meaningful participation by Africans in the body's deliberation within twelve months, … as a full citizen of the country. The second document is by Dr. G. Mohamed, who resigned as member of the President's …

… OF THE LAST CONFERENCE .... Mr. P. Motsita seconded by Mr. Nthaja moved the adoption of the Minutes. At this … the A.N.C. approved of the reports usually published by the independent press after such members had covered … that the Badges were printed and distributed always by the local Committee to supplement its funds and this …

… Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew Document 38 - "How to Build o Revolutionary … has induced the parasitic land-owning class, assisted by the colonial government, to accclerate the process of … present feudal-Iike system of land utilisalion represented by the squatters' system - labour tenantry and …

… this relationship thus: The Centre, directed since 1968 by Otto Lundbohm, is the result of a unique and successful … outlets. To assist in raising their standard of living by extending it's teaching influence through its students and by giving local people work and an income. (2) The ELC Art …

… station at Morija . They were followed in October 1834 by a research party led by Dr Andrew Smith. After the first visits by Missionaries groups of migrant Dutch farmers , some of …

… in the National Assembly today. Their refusal to abide by Parliamentary rules of having to withdraw reckless accusations when ordered by the Speaker of the National Assembly smack of gross … National Assembly is eligible to be elected as a speaker by the majority members of the House. EFF is committed to …