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… creation of the Union of South Africa was quickly followed by the launch of two important political movements. One was the South African Native National Congress (later ANC) formed in 1912, and the other made up of more radical … freely buying land. The small African ‘ reserves ’ created by the Land Act was a forerunner of the apartheid-era ‘ …

… won the trust and respect of both staff and patients alike by his enthusiasm towards his job. In an attempt to … Town had been dismissed  for choosing to be represented by the union rather than the company’s own liaison committee. … ‘Langa summit’ that brought together trade unions divided by their attitude to aligning themselves with openly …

… frustration at having their freedom of movement restricted by the hated official passes. The bravery of these women (who … in the pages that follow, on the important role played by women in twentieth-century South Africa. A list of works … not accepted as members of the African National Congress (ANC) when it was formed in 1912. This acceptance only came in …

… of colour, and there was a surge of mass political action by blacks in defiant response. The 1950s certainly proved to … African men had been required to carry were replaced by a single one - the reference book - which gave details of … a fiery speech to the crowd Dora Tamana , a member of the ANC Women's League and later a founding member of the …

… is a South African political organization, established by Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, which encouraged a resurgent Zulu … Yesizwe (Inkatha Freedom Nation) which was formed in 1928 by King Solomon Dinizulu.  In 1975, Chief Gatsha Buthelezi … Chief Executive. Buthelezi, who was a former member of the ANC but a fervent Zulu nationalist, was a shrewd, proud and …

… also collaborated with the African National Congress (ANC)  in its campaign against Apartheid . James la Guma  and … to the 1924 election, the South African Party (SAP), led by Louis Botha , supported a one stream policy which … entice significant Coloured support in the election cycle by offering Coloureds a “New Deal.” The deal involved …

… nation and one which was adopted to varying degrees by disparate political groupings such as the old United … that it does not address the systematic oppression enacted by the apartheid government on the Coloured, Black and Indian … thesis can be viewed to be intrinsically linked with the ANC’s political stance as the original four wagon wheel …

… chairman of the foundation's board. The photo exhibition by South African veterans Alf Khumalo and Jurgen Schadeberg … containing a series of lectures on the Meaning of Mandela by three of the world's prominent Black thinkers. The … presently the world's best-known statesman, and pays tribute to the tolerance and pacifism he embodies as both an …

… parents read you can’t help being curious about this”.  By the time he was four the family moved to a two bedroomed … to Arsenal Road School in Standard 3.  A free spirited boy by nature, Peter suffered the institutionalisation of school … their income was meagre, always tried to support him by supplying him with a regular supply of pencils, crayons …

… to complete some political business, and then, accompanied by Paul David, took refuge in the British Consulate. This … number to sixteen. While this was an organised attempt by the state to break the UDF, it had the opposite effect. … used by its leaders and by the African National Congress (ANC) for their own purposes. The State also saw the SAAWU as …

… settlement in Boipatong outside Vereeniging was attacked by a group of about 300 armed men from Kwa Madala Hostel in … Party (NP) government and the African National Congress (ANC). In response to the massacre the ANC withdrew from the … violence spread across South Africa, passing Boipatong by. Just when an end to popular violence appeared in sight, …

… youth organization to emerge during the 1980s. Initiated by COSAS , it focused on organizing the non-student youth, … would work in close cooperation with COSAS and AZASO , and by 1983, 20 new youth organizations were launched. By the end … Mandela and other political prisoners The unbanning of the ANC and other organizations Clearly SAYCO, like other …

… of settling there permanently. They were accompanied by Willem Benoy, a former director of the Royal Dutch Theatre … company presented “Wat God verenig het” (a family play by Botrel, adapted by G. Lampe). This was Benoy’s last tour as he died in …

… role in the revival of the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), both of which had … in the 1970s The Black Consciousness Movement, led by Steve Biko, was a new source of resistance that had arisen … leader, political activist and student leader. (Photograph by Drum photographer © Baileys Archive) In 1975 a group of …

… a studio at 169 Clauon Road, supplementing his income by doing odd sign-writing jobs, He painted 'native studies' … is highly possible that the watercolour portraits painted by Arthur Butelezi were of people that he knew very well. … them to some extent from the colonial ‘native studies’ by most white artists at that time which usually lacked a …

… The Constitutional Court was established in 1994 by South Africa's first democratic constitution - the interim … a bill of rights for South Africa can be traced back to an ANC document in the early 1920s. The Freedom Charter of 1956 … open. This issue was debated at a conference organised by the Constitutional Committee of the ANC in 1991. What …

… and theorists before he was killed at the age of 36 by an apartheid assassin. A biography of Rick Turner ↵ … his father died in 1953, when he was 12, he was raised by his mother Jane. Turner was a boarder at St George’s Grammar School, a private school in Cape Town run by the Anglican Church. In 1959, he registered for a course …

… of this chapter is to explore the initiatives taken by Gumede to respond to socio-economic and political … Gumede’s rise to prominence in the conservative NNC and ANC respectively will also be placed under the spotlight. … Church in Korsten on 30 April 1921. Ncwana, paid tribute to the sacrifices of Gumede, in the face of …

… Tribute to the life of Ho Chi Minh, President of the …

… movements such as the  African National Congress  (ANC) and the  Pan Africanist Congress  (PAC) were banned and … the  Liberal Party of South Africa  (LPSA) was not banned by the government, its members were not spared the wrath of … methods were adopted.  The NCL was formed late in 1960 by a small group consisting of about 11 people, including …

… Article by Sandra Rowoldt Shell, University of Cape Town. When … . Bisho was one of a group of Ethiopian slaves freed by a British warship in 1888 off the coast of Yemen, then … in South Africa. "We were overawed in her presence and by the way she would mumble to herself in this language none …

… in 1858, who befriended King Mzilikazi. This was followed by fortune hunters and land grabbing settlers. Cecil John … in that year that the Mashona felt emboldened to withhold tribute to Lobengula’s Matabele. Incensed by this Lobengula … sent a punitive expedition to get what he regarded as his tribute.” This gave the company the excuse they needed to …

… nor widely published. They have also not been promoted by any single art dealer. Their lack of production would … lady (plate 268) are the only subject repeatedly carved by him. The earliest in this series (of which four are known) is owned by the University of the Witwatersrand Art Galleries. The two …

… the Dutch East Indies. He was subsequently employed by the Princesse-Tooneel of Cor Ruys in Amsterdam, the … 1935. Most of his successes, which include Huistoe (Heimat by H. Sudermann), Oorskotjie (Scampolo by Dario Niccodemi) and Besigheid is besigheid by Cor Ruys), …

… elections South Africa’s democratic system was endorsed by voters drawn from across the country’s racial divide in … to 1994. They include the African National Congress (ANC), Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), the National Party (NP), … elections, 1995 to 2011 Local government elections, won by the ANC in 1995, have galvanized communities in ways that …

… College of Physicians, a postgraduate medical diploma run by the Federation of the Medical Royal Colleges of the United … he was a senior researcher in endocrinology supported by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), … Tambo, then president of the African National Congress (ANC) Mission in exile. Professor Hoffenberg married Margaret …

… upheaval in the country, as the African National Congress (ANC) launched its military wing – Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) – in … Town , Eastern Cape. The Woods, who were impressed by his philosophy and persuasive ideas, were on one occasion … with their five children) to spend the day at a clinic run by one of Biko’s friends, Dr Mamphela Ramphele . Influenced …

… charter is adopted. This was the statement, charecterised by its demand that “ the people shall govern” that … South African congress had the African National Congress (ANC), and its allies such as the South African Indian … the Colored People’s Congress. The Black Sash is founded by white women who protested against apartheid injustices …

… . As a result, Lumumba was subsequently deposed and killed by Mobutu on January 17 1961. In 1963 Kabila formed the … to lead the revolt against Mobutu, Kabila was joined by one of the most prominent communist revolutionary leaders, … party and the general lack of organisation in the group. By this time, Mobutu had renamed the country Zaire and Kabila …

… was later labelled 'Bantu' and still later 'Black' by the apartheid government. The use of capital letters for … was founded and demanded rights for 'coloured' people. The ANC or African National Congress was formed in 1912. The … humanity'. In 1957, a Declaration of Conscience was issued by more than 100 leaders from every continent. The …