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… to the leadership of the African National Congress (ANC) in the liberation struggle. This article looks at the … Workers’ Charter in South Africa was drawn up in 1913 by white unions in the Transvaal. It was a year of high … Black mineworkers came out to strike in solidarity, but by that point the military offensive was in full force and …

… the maintenance of food subsidises. The 1990s were marked by intense rivalries and conflicts within the civic movement … area largely because of social divisions which were driven by the pass laws and the enforcement of migrant labour … WECUSA was formed and launched in 1989 as an alliance of ANC aligned squatter leaders, particularly areas that were …

… was The Guardian. The Guardian itself was founded in 1937 by trade unionists, university professors and some … 1940s. As a result of this newspaper's close ties to the ANC, it was banned twice, in 1952 and again in 1954. Each … release their usual weekly supplement, banned or not. The ANC was banned, a move that affected the newspaper's system …

… One of the key instruments used by the apartheid government to neutralise political dissent … (MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC) – precipitated the declaration of the State of … to consolidate the apartheid laws – which were rejected by the majority of the people of South Africa. These policies …

… suppress the revolt. After the African National Congress (ANC) made a call to render the country ungovernable, the UDF, … necessary to put the country on the path of democracy. By now, the government was engaging in negotiations with … MPs, and became the majority party in the HoD and the HoR by 1993. The NPP was decimated. Rajbansi, still in …

… ’We are of the world and the world is with us’, Address by Oliver Tambo on receiving the Degree of Doctor of Laws …

… to be racially segregated, separated from one another by open spaces and with separate access roads” (Christopher, … SANNC changes its name to the African National Congress (ANC). To read other resolutions made at this conference click … Bless Africa’) as its anthem and a new flag, proposed by Thomas Levi Mvabaza , with “black for the people, green …

… districts – the first state of emergency declared by the Apartheid State. The Government passed the Unlawful Organisations Act on 7 April 1960, banning the ANC and the PAC. By 6 May 1960, 18,000 persons were detained since the …

… the acquisition of a number of fruit farms in the valley by Cecil John Rhodes, the area began to develop as an … fist held high to commemorate that day of freedom and as a tribute to those who were involved in the sacrificial fight …

… container that elucidates the nature of power as defined by access to and control of resources. This is not only with … this work in a public lecture at the Arts Lounge organized by the ViPAA team as part of the National Arts Festival. In … I hope that the work acts as a catalyst for questioning by the viewer, and for further engagement with the material, …

… The Conservatory was designed and erected by Boyd & Son, of Paisley, in Scotland, who dismantled the … of Mr Fraser of Boyds. It was officially opened by John X Merriman on 12 September 1882, and was named after … MacFarlane, of Glasgow, in Scotland, and was erected as a tribute to the memory of the officers and men who died in a …

… The Second National Consultative Conference of the ANC has taken place. It opened on June 16th, the ninth … contribution to our struggle. The Conference was attended by about 250 delegates representing our entire organisation. … us to fight one another". Conference noted and paid tribute to the contribution that the United Democratic Front …

… one of 27 young members of the African National Congress (ANC) who goes into exile following the South African … International Conference on Health and Apartheid held by the World Health Organisation. 1981 Tshabalala-Msimang … Africa. A high level Intersectoral Task Team is convened by the department of justice to develop uniform national …

… include the first passive resistance campaign initiated by the Indian community in the Transvaal, led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , in 1906. This campaign was … of pass laws Planning the 1960 anti-pass campaigns: ANC and PAC At the annual conference of the African National …

… January, 25 selected activists hold a commission, Chaired by Cas Saloojee , and decide on the general form of the front … of a non-racial, unitary state in South Africa, undiluted by racial or ethnic considerations as formulated in the … students aligned to the UDF and African National Congress (ANC) oppose an attempt by Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi of the …

… decided to propose an anti-pass campaign for ratification by the organisation's first annual conference in December. … that the mood of the country might be favorable, the PAC by early 1960 was asserting, first, that many people had … more advanced than their leaders. The history of the ANC, the PAC alleged, was studded with evidence that leaders …

… The Significance of Indian Opinion by Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie Department of History, University of … the registration drive of officials. Its pages paid tribute to local resisters and Brian Gabriel, one of Natal's … moral education. It would be very remiss of me to not pay tribute to those who helped Gandhi shape his legacy in those …

… Ka Isaka Seme, President of the African National Congress (ANC), Africans from different political spectrums and from … of the pending disfranchisement of the Cape Natives by the Parliament of South Africa. The following resolutions by Mr. L. T. Mtimkulu is carried out:-That the resolutions on …

… and made widely available. The Symposium was attended by around 250 people, among them historians, teachers, … organising the Symposium, and to Macmillan Publishers Ltd, Tribute Management Ltd and all those who made a financial …

… During its long history of struggle, the ANC has always been in the vanguard of the struggle against racism, today known by the name 'apartheid". Some of these battles were won by the pioneers of the movement, others were lost, but all …

… paralyzed with indecision. The event has been seen by some as a turning point in South African history. Kgosana … He was tricked into dispersing the crowd and was arrested by the police later that day. Along with other PAC leaders he … of emergency was declared the African National Congress (ANC) and the PAC were banned under the Unlawful Organisations …

… Africa held a general election which was to be decided by the white population of the country. A manifesto outlined … would be implemented in practice which was enforced by the National Party (NP) when they won the election. The … its ties to local nationalist organizations, such as the ANC. During the years it was banned, while the ANC continued …

… South Africa  will give a broader view of the role played by women in the struggle for freedom. It is often overlooked … passes A pass was a document that black people were forced by the government to carry with them at all times. If … of choice, but also because the African National Congress (ANC) was reserved for male membership. This began to change …

… 1942 He starts attending African National Congress (ANC) meetings informally 1943 He enrols at the University of … and discrimination. 1944 Mandela officially joins the ANC and together with the group of young ANC intellectuals, … joined 155 others on trial for treason. All are acquitted by 29 March 196. 1958 He divorces Evelyn Mase, and marries …

… person of stature available who had not been tarnished by the earlier internecine squabbles which characterised the … he had tried to do while in Robben Island. He started off by engaging the Azanian People’s Revolutionary Party (APRP), a small group formed by members expelled by Leballo to rejoin the PAC, which they …

… Speech by Oliver Tambo on behalf of the Liberation Movements, at the …

… Statement by President Thabo Mbeki, President of the Republic of South …

… I).  The first plenary meeting of CODESA was chaired by Chief Justice Corbett and Justices Ismail Mohamed and … the  National Party  (NP),  African National Congress  (ANC), South African government,  South African Communist … On 21 December 1991, a Declaration of Intent was signed by all parties except the IFP and the Bophuthatswana …

… to prospect for gold on the farm Langlaagte, owned by Gert C. Oosthuizen. 5 July, Prospecting licenses are taken … consolidated areas north and south of the mining claims. By 8 December this number had increased to 986. 1 November, … later changes its name to the African National Congress (ANC) 1913 May, White miners declare a strike at the New …

… to ‘maintaining peace and order’ which was threatened by the increasingly ‘ungovernable’ nature of the Black … government’s resorting to emergency measures was read by many as an act of desperation as the political and social … political organisations. The African National Congress ’ (ANC) internal influence was limited by the banning of the …