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ArticleMusic and culture as forms of resistance
… Music Music was a central feature of the urban culture that developed in Johannesburg and in … took place. Early beginnings In the 1920s and 1930s the urban…
ArticleThe development of Music in South Africa timeline 1600-2004
… Xhosa harmonic patterns. The development of a black urban proletariat and the movement of many black workers to … of music-making (as well as dances) in the…
BiographyWinnie Madikizela-Mandela
… eight years in this backwater and in the midst of growing urban turmoil, Winnie’s banishment finally came to an end in … the end of Apartheid, Winnie…
ArticleCape Town the Segregated city
… resident in Cape Town. Under the Act, portions of land in urban areas were allocated for the settlement of Africans in … to move to Langa. In 1923 the…
The Role of Women in the Struggle against Apartheid, 15 July 1980
… that the crucial role played by women in raising basic issues, organising and involving the masses has become more … active in other organisations,…
ArticleSignificance of the Congress of the People and the Freedom Charter
… the Freedom Charter transformed what was essentially an urban-based movement into a fully-fledged national movement. … The campaign also revived congress…
Biography of Baleka Mbete-Kgositsile by Brianna T. Hogg
… During her childhood, Mbete became highly aware of the issues that were taking place throughout her city and the … , Mbete became very aware and…
ArticleApartheid crumbles, Women in the turmoil of the 1980s
… led a series of boycotts, and became involved in labour issues. While the UDF was non-aligned, most of its leadership … programme that would unite women and…
Article1973 Durban Strikes
… movement with different perspectives on broader political issues. The first tradition was from shop floor unions. They … that labour had an obligation to…
ArticleSocio-economics in Sophiatown
… were particularly vulnerable to the harshness of urban life. Schooling was not provided by the state. There …
ArticleDrafting of the Final Constitution
… November, after a rush of agreements on the very sensitive issues the plenary gathering introduced the Interim … council sat again late in 1993 to tidy up…
ArticleThe Group Areas Act of 1950
… was another layer in controlling the movement and life of urban Black, Indian or Coloured persons (Baldwin, 1975: 218). … though the amount of time these…
ArticleThe ANC’s MK Special Ops Unit Material - Yunus Carrim Collection - 6 November 2025
… also other successful MK units, including the Transvaal Urban Machinery’s G5 and other units, and other units … and other documents Press clippings Photos…
BiographyAbdullah Abdurahman
… council he sought in particular to influence policy on issues of health and education. Although an articulate …
BiographyWilfrid Edward Cooper
… The pending sabotage trial threatened to raise many tricky issues for the defence, but if well handled could materially …
BiographyJulius Sello Malema
… were prejudiced against Malema and had shown disregard to issues advocated by the ANC Youth League, particularly on the …
ArticleFietas: Pageview timeline 1880-1988
… July, Most of the evacuees start moving back into the urban centre, mostly into the ‘Malay Location’, one of the … mixed as a result of the unavailability of…
ArticleCODESA 1 Timeline
… a Secret Pact is undertaken between ANC and NP covering issues such as negotiations, an interim authority, a … 20 November 1991: Agreement is reached on…
ArticleGangsterism in Sophiatown
… Africa Crime and violence were an important reality of urban life and culture. The poverty, misery, violence and … youth gangs or tsotsis reflected the…
ArticleCouncil policies and practice
… time taking steps to stem the tide of Africans moving to urban areas. This was particularly the case in the Cape, …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1920s
… of White workers and the chamber of mines on labour issues, miners in the Witwatersrand embark on a strike and it … ANC to withdraw from direct political…
ArticleAfrikaner Jewry in South Africa
… favoured settling in the countryside of South Africa as urban areas were breeding grounds for Anti-Semitism [vii] . … relations between the English and Jews…
ArticleCato Manor timeline 1650-2007
… first democratic elections take place 1995 The Cato Manor urban renewal project is designated a Presidential Lead … 2003 Nelson Mandela inaugurates the first…
ArticleThe Interim South African Constitution 1993
… Park. Working groups were formed to deal with specific issues. The first multi-party meeting was named The … the IFP and the Bophuthatswana Government. Among…
ArticleSALDRU Newspaper Clippings Archive 1974 - 2000
… General Teachers General Totalitarianism Detentions Urban Africans General Wage & Working Conditions …
ArticleAftermath of the Bhambatha Rebellion 1906
… Indians from the new Union constitution, forced the new urban European educated and traditional African leadership to …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1900s
… Most of the evacuees start moving back into the urban centre, mostly into the 'Malay Location', one of the …
ArticleDr Alfred Bitini Xuma Timeline 1893-1998
… for 1944-1945 and ₤100 for 1946. 14 January: Xuma issues a statement on the African Worker. June: A full … campaign against the upcoming national…
National Council of African Women (NCAW)
… body and restricted its efforts mainly to social issues. It cooperated fairly extensively with the white …
ArticleCongress of South African Students (COSAS)
… youth. This had the dual effect of drawing COSAS into issues which affected young workers and the unemployed youth, … support to striking workers and…