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… more intensively the policies of racial oppression and political persecution already followed by the regime”.2 The … ”¦ I have no doubt that no self-respecting White political organization would disband itself if declared … the act that referred to persons who advocated political, economic or social change by forcible means was lethal.54 …

… who was denied citizenship by the Boers for cultural and economic reasons. Verraaiers :  This is an Afrikaans word …

… and barred from their native country, especially for political or punitive reasons Ghettos an area, usually …

… alliances with women from the trade unions and other political organisations even if the had held different. Out … there was one of support for Walter Sisulu and his political agenda. While Albertian would remain connected to … Walter was imprisoned, it was not her main connection to political activism and there were other ANC bodies with whom …

… been used in South Africa as ideological and consequently political weaponry. Questions we will pose include; how has … Such a general definition functions despite the political complexities in South Africa, because apartheid … evidence for historical occurrences, and acquire a hidden political significance." [15] Photography in many ways is the …

… of all persons to the Union considered unsuitable on economic grounds or on account of standard or habits of life. … of all persons to the Union considered unsuitable on economic grounds or on account of standard or habits of life. … literate in a European language and undesirables, i.e. on economic grounds or on account of standards or habits of …

… in the 1830s, Afrikaners used it to secure their economic success and establish themselves as the power … came before them. The system that was developed to achieve economic success for a group of people that believed they … better than all else has created a multitude of social and economic problems today. The labourer’s limited ability to …

… of all persons to the Union considered unsuitable on economic grounds or on account of standard or habits of life. … and so-called undesirables (persons deemed undesirable on economic grounds or on account of standards or habits of …

… on the State. It further argues that the sluggish economic growth is not paralleled by job creation and many …

… to the quiescence that followed the banning of the black political movements. The BCM urged a defiant rejection of … with its founder, Biko. From the beginning of Biko’s political life until his death, he remains one of the …

… underground structures and networks to continue with their political activities. The period also saw the continuation of … 145 religious, cultural, peasant, intellectual and political bodies. The conference calls for a national … Island is turned into a prison for those convicted of political crimes. 27 April, Walter Sisulu and his home at …

… like it or not, this growth of national consciousness is a political fact. We must all accept it as a fact, and our …

… the end of resistance, the struggle instead escalated as political activism increased. The role played by Biko and his …

… as these tribal authorities acted as an independent political pole, which resisted these changes. The … reserve economies slid deeper into crisis, threatening the economic base upon which the migrant labour system depended. … Union period Africans became increasingly organised. Early political organisations like the SANNC made extensive use of …

… White workers in Witwatersrand. 4 September A copy of the political bureau is published with names of members to be … from all over the country, Kotane is elected to the Political Bureau and as the general secretary and political … acts to bring about political, industrial, social, and economic change in the Union. This, by definition of the Act, …

… of South Africa. This paper will trace its function in the political struggle waged by Black and Colored musicians … no means the only South African musician to use jazz for political goals, the development of his career provides an … social alienation and musical inaccessibility, which are ‘political statements in and of themselves”. Despite this, …

… were to be leaders and to have no formal affiliation with political parties. However, despite seeking independence from political parties there was a growing relationship between … the PAC and other anti-apartheid organisations about their political affiliation. During these talks NACTU established …

… revolutionary opponent. Art was postulated as necessarily political, and that likewise, it has a direct relation to the … Black artists could also reflect on the powers of art as political tool. Despite the absenteeism and negations of The …

… of ‘Imvo zaBantu’ (a mouthpiece for the new Elite's political thinking in the Eastern Cape) was opposed to this … the Black people To promote the social, educational and political upliftment of the Black people To promote …

… groups of people precipitated the formation of unions, political organizations and protests against increasing …

… to plan its first Indian housing scheme comprising fifty economic houses and fifty sub-economic houses at Cato Manor. The DCC probably would not … A second proposal by Smuts to refer this issue to the Political and Legal Committees is also rejected. The United …

… ‘ open up a second dimension to what was fundamentally a political pressure group, [to] a ‘service’ aspect ’ (Spink, … the 1980s this exercise provided an insight into the political reality for South African nonwhite citizens during … initiatives to monitor, record and analyses the socio-economic conditions prevailing in South Africa.’ ( Black Sash …

… finite resources further limited by the United States (US) economic blockade – expended in support of African liberation … over as much territory as they could in order to secure political dominance by 11 November. South African forces, … on various fronts, but Cabinda was a territory that was of economic and strategic importance for the future of the …

… late 1980s reductions in state funding and pressure from political organisations led to NAPAC going through a process …

… on the origins and effects of colonialism”, International Political Economy Club, (Uploaded: 16 November 2019), … countries, such as Portugal, wanted to gain political and economic power over nearby and distant regions by extracting … themselves on South Africa’s political, social and economic structures for years to come. Black people were …

… in 1944 which demanded freedom from white domination and political independence laid down the foundation for the ANC’s … into urban areas precipitated the formation of new political and cultural associations. In Cape Town, the war … and other townships forged a closer relationship with political organisations such as the NLL, NEUF, ANC and CPSA …

… and major project to build a comprehensive social and political history of this African community. Origins: South … forge a common South African "Indian" identity was the political struggles waged against harsh discriminatory laws … consequence, the Indian community established a number of political formations, the most prominent being the Natal …

… Act extends the principle of separate, communally based political representation for Africans. Albert Luthuli attends … the support of the Zulu monarchy. The cultural movements’ political iteration, Inkatha Freedom Party , would become a … Barry Hertzog introduces a Bill to eject Africans from the political system. The Liquor Bill, Sections 107 and 144 is …

… of cultural activity to educate and articulate about political expression in a way that was less-inflammatory and at times more meaningful than political means. Throughout 1972, the cultural aspect of the … -like performances were included at trade-union rallies, political meetings and funerals in affirmation of solidarity. …