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… in the form of contributions from ordinary citizens who were personally involved in the struggle, or who can relate the roles that their friends and relatives …

… League In 1955 a small group of white middle-class women who were predominantly English-speaking formed an … during protest demonstrations. Di Bishop of Port Elizabeth who joined the Black Sash in 1978 played a significant role …

… them during a short lull in the fighting. When the Zulu's, who had withdrawn about 50 yards from the laager, failed to … Mpande allied with Pretorius to defeat Dingane, who was eventually killed by the Swazi as he tried to regroup …

… in favour of an independent Irish state, and Unionists, who wanted Ireland to remain part of the United Kingdom … had the support of a Russia, a major international power, who would come to her defence should she be attacked. Once …

… the Amnesty Committee dispensed amnesty to perpetrators who gave "full disclosure" of atrocities they had committed … hearings; Facilitating the granting of amnesty to persons who make full disclosure of all the relevant facts relating …

… after Charles B Adderley, a member of British Parliament who fought against the British appeal to turn Cape Town into … cycle tour and seen the cyclists, or do you know anyone who has participated? …

… for example gold and salt. Mining Magnate : a person who is rich, powerful and successful, especially in mining … relating to the farming of animals Peasant : a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land Protectorate : a …

… 30, at an evening prayer Gandhi was approached by Godse who fired three shots into him. Gandhi died soon afterwards …

… It was visited by Henry Lichtenstein in 1803 (p 189), who reported as follows: "The same year (1799) the Brethren … fellow-creatures taken under the kind protection of those who have had the more fortunate lot of being born to the … up the principal part of the furniture. A few families, who had been long established here, lived in houses of a much …

… so in South Africa because both the sports administrators, who control all official sport, and the Government have … the problem. The only alternative left open to sportsmen who wished to replace racialist sport with open and … impedes the efforts of those sportsmen inside South Africa who make brave efforts at promoting non-racial sport. It is …

… through their journey. Soon thereafter the 13 survivors who had, wisely, opted to remain behind at the wreck were joined by two English sailors from the Good Hope who invited them to join the small settlement at Bay of … on 17 February, Zulu forces fell upon Dutch families who had already scattered over the Bloukrans and Bushman’s …

… that Natives have been deprived of their land by people who are temporary residents in the country. This is seen when … the law, since they “cry for the children of our fathers, who roam around the world without a home.” Ultimately, this … about the dispossession of land that has changed Africans who lived in their homeland into roamers who were deprived of …

… and the imposition of a state of emergency. Among those who attended were Mandela , Sisulu , Govan Mbeki , Mhlaba , … Decision-making then quickly passed to those members who went into exile. Mandela was appointed to MK’s High … been tipped off by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), who had been tracking Mandela’s movements.  In October of …

… Lembede warned Albertina that she was marrying a man who was already married to the nation. 11 September, … measures to stop this. Albertina was one of the leaders who had to ensure that women bypassed the reported police … participating in these demonstrations including Albertina who was part of a demonstration organised by the ANC Women's …

… << back to term 1 Contents: WHO ARE THE HUNTER GATHERERS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA? LIFE OF THE SAN CHANGES FOREVER: The arrival of the Europeans WHO ARE THE SAN SAN COMMUNITY AND BELIEFS SAN CUSTOMS AND … SAN ROCK ART THE KHOI KHOI – HEARDERS OF SOUHTERN AFRICA   WHO ARE THE HUNTER GATHERERS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA? In our …

… real home of the Blacks in South Africa – and that those who lived in towns should be treated as temporary visitors … laws more systematic.  In 1955, Professor Tomlinson, who was appointed to advise the government on how apartheid … lived in absolute poverty in the homelands while those who sought to live in the cities were continually harassed by …

… in 1912, and the other made up of more radical Boers who split away from the SAP under the leadership of General … president was John L. Dube , a minister and schoolteacher who had studied in the United States. Dube was strongly … Plaatje , a court translator, author, and newspaper editor who had worked in Kimberley and Johannesburg, became …

… in 1912, and the other made up of more radical Boers who split away from the SAP under the leadership of General … president was John L. Dube , a minister and schoolteacher who had studied in the United States. Dube was strongly … Plaatje , a court translator, author, and newspaper editor who had worked in Kimberley and Johannesburg, became …

… part of the constitution in 1854, and included those who were in possession of land and who may have been able to claim their right to it. Voting and … spontaneously and consisted of groups of Non-White people who were not necessarily the same nationality or ethnicity.  …

… nationalist drive did not appeal to the Bakongo people, who rallied to militant right-wing FNLA leader, Holden … support base was largely drawn from rural communities who had been severely affected by colonial land … War patrons.  The MPLA solicited the support of the Cubans who harboured a similar ideological stance, while UNITA was …

… up to August 9, 1910. September 28, Gandhi met Polak, who reached Durban along with others deportees from India by … whether under Section 1 of new Bill, Asiatics who might pass education test could enter and remain in the … immigrants; (c) empower registration of passive resisters who, but for their resistance, would have been entitled to …

… gave coverage to Charlotte Maxeke , a women's organiser, who urged women “to get themselves ready for the struggle.” … . The first editor was Reverend Marshall Maxeke, who was succeeded by A.R. Mapanya in 1922. Its aim was to … came from the conservative elements of the SANNC who resented the influence of the Communist Party of South …

… was planted and meat was bartered for with the Khoikhoi (who were initially called Goringhaikwa, and later Kaapmans). … issued in February 1657 to free nine company servants (who became the Free Burghers) to farm along the Liesbeeck … the Dutch farmed was used by the Khoikhoi and the San, who lived a semi-nomadic culture which included hunting and …

… efforts of the Indian Agent-General, Sir Benegal Rama Rau, who stresses that the Committee will provide an opportunity … sixty delegates. The delegates include Rheinallt Jones, who is elected to the senate representing Africans in the … General, Mr. S.P. Matseke and Mr. R.V. Selope Thema, who was later replaced by Mr. E Mofutsanyane because of his …

… we Sizwe (MK) in 1961, and most of Sactu’s leaders, who were also members of the ANC, joined the underground … registration, and the Fosatu- and Cusa-aligned unions who were eager to use the space opened up by registration. … the federation was attacked by the government and Inkatha, who both reiterated the charge that Cosatu was a front for …

… traders, artisans, teachers, shop assistants etc. who paid their own passage to the Natal Colony. 2 October,  … Christopher is born in Durban to indentured migrants who had arrived in the 1860s. His father, Narrainsamy … to live in. This provision does not apply to those who live with employers. Sir Henry Ernest Bulwer appoints a …

… and the running of shebeens. It was largely black women who engaged in these economic activities. As a result of … a variety of 'conconctions'. The fact is that the women who sell liquor cannot risk preparing their beer on Wednesday … raid and destroy the liquor and arrest the possessor, who must either pay a fine or serve a term of imprisonment. …

… resulting in violent clashes. The police arrest eight men who are accused of ‘incitement to violence’ for the strikes … to an African or Coloured worker. October, Musicians, who play at silent-movie cinemas, go on strike in Cape Town. … among dockworkers and organises a strike of 2000 workers, who saw their wages doubled. This success brings more workers …

… and elsewhere. The defence team comprised of Joel Joffe, who was the instructing attorney, Bram Fischer, Vernon …   The state’s star witness had to have been Bruno Mtolo, who testified in camera as ‘Mr X’. Mtolo had been a member of … on Robben Island Prison, with the exception of Goldberg, who was sent to Pretoria Central Prison where he served 22 …