SAHO global search

… During apartheid, the majority of South Africans, who were black, lived in poverty, while a minority of whites held most …

… was one of two unions of the Consultative Committee of Black Trade Unions (CCOBTU) that broke away and affiliated …

… By 1980, the Black Consciousness organisations were in a gradual decline … to Pretoria, Eldorado Park and Lenasia, among many other Black schools. Hundreds of school children in Johannesburg … Act. By September, the government closed more than 70 Black schools, mostly in the Cape Province. The boycott only …

… by removing the colour bar and increasing the ratio of black workers to white, for although the wages for whites had … War , and during World War I the overall ratio of white to black workers had been maintained. As time passed, however, black miners began to acquire these skills, although their …

… in South African liberation history. On this fateful day, Black people congregated in Sharpeville, a township near … 69 and injuring an estimated 186. All the victims were Black, and most of them had been shot in the back whilst … (or 'Homelands') , which were designated lands for Black people where they could have a vote. These homelands …

… or husbands - were second-class citizens for many years. Black women were obviously doubly disadvantaged as a result … role in this prejudice. Customary law, for instance, gives black women the status of minors and excludes them from … and various economic rights. Nowadays women, and black women in particular, are still economically …

… or husbands - were second-class citizens for many years. Black women were obviously doubly disadvantaged as a result … role in this prejudice. Customary law, for instance, gives black women the status of minors and excludes them from … and various economic rights. Nowadays women, and black women in particular, are still economically …

… of the Biennale included the Spanish Pavilion’s ‘Black Looks White Myths’ curated by Octavio Zaya, Danielle … “conceptualists” represent ‘intellectualism’ whilst “Black rural visionary sculptors” signify ‘community’. [5]   … and abuse of the term ‘community’ in relegating the “Black arts” to the townships, which then functions to …

… different shades of white clay or from bird droppings. Black came from charcoal and manganese oxide. There are many different shades and colours but black, red, yellow and white were the basics. This engraving … when painting his pictures. He used blood with red ochre, black with water and white with the thick, white juice from a …

… civilians and three non-White police officers. 26 Black policemen and 365 Black civilians were injured – no White police men were … of a state of emergency, the arrest of thousands of Black people and the banning of the ANC and PAC convinced the …

… was like in the 1960s. This will help us contextualise the Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa in the 1970s. …

… provinces were united. Later ‘homelands’ were created for black people to be sent to live separately from white people. …

… In addition to running his own studio and training notable black photographers such as Joe Gqabi , he also shot on … Travellers Union. [v] Now, he was fighting on behalf of black South Africans instead of his own people. The South … a century of work on behalf of South Africa’s marginalised black community, Eli Weinberg’s selflessness and commitment …

… remained in force. The Kaffir Pass Act of 1857 prohibited black African people from entering the Cape Colony except to … employer and Xhosa workers. Once the contract expired, black Africans, the majority of whom were Xhosa people had … urban areas and empowered the government to expel those black people that it considered to be idle and disorderly. …

… created unfair laws in order to segregated Coloured and Black South Africans from the White minority. The liberation … the government’s military power and protect South Africa’s Black communities. The MK’s goal was to force the South … South African community during apartheid. In that time, Black South Africans were required to carry passes. Black …

… be ruled an unconstitutional action, Zuma would not face prosecution for his actions until his second term in … had become symbolic of Zuma’s struggles to tear down the black-white socio-economic disparity, while his inability to …

… women’s rights in legislation and the current reality they face. In order to bridge this gap between legislation and … served to intensify this oppression, specifically of black women who were targeted for their race as well as their …

… the Johannesburg Art Gallery has focused attention on black artists who were sidelined, staging large … motivation and his contribution to what was then termed "black art". He clearly had an impact on art in the townships … of the human degradation apartheid laws forced on black South Africans. Mnyele's figures are battered out of …

… in South African liberation history. On this fateful day, Black people congregated in Sharpeville, a township near … 69 and injuring an estimated 186. All the victims were Black, and most of them had been shot in the back whilst … (or 'Homelands') , which were designated lands for Black people where they could have a vote. These homelands …

… there was cooperation and sympathy strikes carried by black workers in support of grievances raised their white … in South Africa particularly in the 1920s when the other black led political forces such as the African National … mineworkers strike in the diamonds mines in Kimberley. Black workers also go on strike in sympathy. The strike lasts …

… with the largely silenced archive of southern African Black intellectual thought and engaging critically with the … state, it becomes possible to understand incidents of anti-Black violence such as the Marikana Massacre amongst others, … with this Black subjectivity whose speech is silent in the face of gratuitous violence that forms it, two dictums map …

… workers’ Trade Union Council of South Africa (TUCSA) . Black workers were denied membership. Nineteen trade unions … passed repressive legislations that made it imperative for Black workers to organise workers across the colour line. … called for the regulation and tighter control of Black trade unions by introducing registration and …

… and gain immense profits from the diamonds and gold that black miners extracted from the earth.  Most African miners … of the Union of South Africa. Most rural and urban Black people tried to stay neutral during the war.  At the … As warfare spilled across the countryside, many Black people found themselves in harm’s way. Some were pulled …

… The four major ethnic divisions among Black South Africans are the Nguni, Sotho, Shangaan-Tsonga … The Nguni represent nearly two thirds of South Africa's Black population and can be divided into four distinct … The ensuing struggle was not so much a contest between Black and White races as a struggle for water, grazing and …

… founding document APDUSA warns of the calamity that awaits black people in the event that South Africa became a … the apartheid government was poised to launch an attack on black people’s rights in the same way the Portuguese colonial … claimed, was able to propound herrenvolk ideas with a black mouth using a forum provided by the UP. APDUSA also …

… Matsemela Manaka at Soweto Neighbourhood Museum, recruited Black artists such as Gordon Gabashane , Mmapula Mmakgoba … Xaba also recruited graduates from the Federated Union of Black Artists (FUBA) such as Lucky Jiyani, Osiah Masekwameng …

… Bantus and Whites. In resisting colonial expansion, Black African rulers founded sizable and powerful kingdoms … once identified with the strict division of white and black. The phrase was elaborated upon by President Nelson …

… in District Six occurred in 1901, when the district’s Black residents were moved to Uitvlugt (later named … being predominantly ‘Coloured’ and Indian with smaller Black and White communities. Before the passing of the Group …

… and that the Indian Community had no alternative but to face it as it had done in the crises of the Class Areas Bill …

… because the thinking went, they had all fled in the face of the Mfecane. The Boers believed that the land was …