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… iron and steel, and heavy engineering sectors. It operated as an independent, non-racial trade union. Amongst one of the … from Mpophomeni Township went on strike on 30 April 1985*. As a consequence 970 workers were dismissed from work.  When … Kaufmaan who granted permission to use the Catholic Church as a meeting place every Wednesday. At political tensions …

… Apartheid regime through visual arts and creative writing, as well as heavily assisting in the production of banners and media … exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in Oxford (1990) as part of a greater UK tour and upon return at South African …

… whose main vegetation consisted of thornveld , grassland, as well as subtropical evergreen forests in the wet coastal valleys. … Lusikisiki (Qaukeni) which was and is still regarded as the capital town of Eastern Pondoland, Flagstaff … BOSTON. Stapleton, T, J. (2001). Faku: Rulership and colonialism in the mpondo kingdom (c. 1780 – 1867 . Wilfrid …

… protest. In preparation for the campaign an AFT was formed as a para-military structure of the PAC. This was a … be arrested and imprisoned. In addition the AFT functioned as a security structure that provided protection for its … PAC’s armed wing. Through Poqo, the PAC adopted violence as a legitimate means of achieving its objective of …

… In September the farm of the widow Scheepers was chosen as the site for the new administrative village. 1806 14 … by Retief at a time when he planned to establish himself as a government contractor, supplying beef to the troops. … of land north of Jetty Street subsequently known as the Victoria Quay. Timeline: Port Elizabeth 1850-1899 1850 …

… 18th and early 19th century (approximately1780 - 1850) was as follows: There were three groups of people: The Xhosa, who … land and cattle between 1779 and 1878. This time is known as the 100-year war. The conflict started in 1778 when the … British people and their families to go to the Cape as settlers. The ships carrying these settlers landed at …

… their claims to land. Today this theory is described as a myth, the Empty Land Myth because there is no historical … to publish a book that used the theory of empty land as an explanation for landownership in South Africa. In order … southwards from present-day Zimbabwe at the same time as the Europeans had begun to migrate northwards from the …

… Izwe La Kiti, attacking arguments against miscegenation, as well as a poem. [7] His published poems include “Paul Kruger’s … and published two volumes of poetry. He became known as the “Father of Namibian poetry.” [10] 1950 Naro and his …

… (SACP) celebrated its 90th anniversary. Initially known as the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), the party … with its headquarters in Johannesburg. Andrews was elected as secretary, CB Tyler as chairman, and Sidney Percival Bunting as treasurer. The …

… to with us. Parliament makes laws which govern non-whites as well as whites. We have to obey those laws - which always bear … is extended to include the entire population. But so long as this unfair position continues, and our people are …

… Brussels, thereby opening what would become known as the Western Front, the main theatre of battle and where … would last for four years, mostly in stalemate fashion, as each side failed to break through to the other. Armies on … on the Western front began. Shell-holes often doubled up as trenches Source Life in the Trenches Possibly the most …

… regime gave extensive support to rebel organisations such as the Mozambican National Resistance Movement (RENAMO) in … cripple the ANC’s ability to operate inside the country. As 1984 progressed, black opposition escalated. On 6 April … of African Councillors and collaborators were attacked. As the state’s administrative system broke down, people …

… As part of the governmental process for transformation of … on the main campus in Pretoria. Lectures on both campuses, as well as the Pretoria-West campus were suspended and several …

… regime gave extensive support to rebel organisations such as the Mozambican National Resistance Movement (RENAMO) in … cripple the ANC's ability to operate inside the country. As 1984 progressed, black opposition escalated. On 6 April … of African Councillors and collaborators were attacked. As the state's administrative system broke down, people …

… the release of Nelson Mandela and a man called Mange, as well as R100 000 in cash and an aircraft to fly them to Maputo. … in the shootout. The Six Hour Siege Sequence of events as reported by the media 12.00 – 1:15: The armed Trio enter …

… ANC in the 1940s: for the first time women were admitted as full members of the ANC in 1943, leading to the … During this period, passive resistance campaigns such as the Alexander bus boycotts and the miners’ strike in 1946 … which proposed the abandonment of moderate methods – such as petitions and deputations to government – in favour of …

… of 1922 was an armed uprising that is also referred to as the Rand Revolt or Red Revolt. It occurred during a period … conflicts of interests between mine-owners and mineworkers as well as political disenchantment in the workforce. Hence in the …

… After the South African War of 1899-1902 (also known as the Anglo-Boer War, or Boer War), the British began … attempts to anglicise them, and to impose English as the official language in schools and the workplace particularly incensed them.  Partly as a backlash to this, the Boers came to see Afrikaans as the …

… structures and leadership to survive in the future, as well as have a mass movement focus. This would facilitate the … Specific apartheid laws were relaxed or removed, such as laws regarding separate amenities (link to Gr 12 …

… People as historical sources People can be great sources of … their stories. This is considered a historical source as it is representing a specific time and place in history. … you think that what you told your friend can be thought of as history? Do you think that if we write it down, we can …

… the continent. The Mali Empire - known in Arabic sources as Dawlat Mālī - was one of the largest, wealthiest, and most … decentralised system. The supreme ruler, known as the Mansa (meaning "king of kings" or "emperor"), … economy and sustenance. 6 The river's inland delta, known as the Macina , created a vast floodplain of exceptional …

… BC. Little is known of the history of the first residents, as there is no written history of the area before it was … Zulu oral histories. Long ago, before the Zulu were forged as a nation, they lived as isolated family groups and partly nomadic northern Nguni …

… their opposition to many of the apartheid acts, such as the pass laws and the Nursing Amendment Act, despite the … of the Johannesburg city council, initially founded FEDSAW as an individual membership organisation. However, after much … life (Women’s Charter). FEDSAW created the Women’s Charter as a tool to bring women together based on a shared desire …

… African Trades and Labour Council (SATLC), popularly known as the Trade and Labour Council, which was formed in the … therefore automatically excluded from TUCSA membership. As a result, TUCSA became a union for skilled workers only. … Conference the constitution was altered in such a way as to debar Africans from membership. From now on the council …

… integral part of the society, particularly from 2004 as generally recognized when the country’s democracy was 10 … in protest action since 2009. These protests are view as “service delivery”, “rebellion of the poor”, “municipal … or poor urban areas in the country’s biggest metro such as Cape Town, Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni. Although there is …

… Agency (SAHRA) and Council. The conservation of shipwrecks as a cultural resource has been significantly enhanced by the … of historical shipwrecks. These wrecks are now defined as archaeological sites and are thus managed by SAHRA in … of artifacts. It is important to utilise shipwrecks as sources of education and cultural enrichment to all South …

… system of apartheid, and contributed to its dismantling. As the course instructor, doing research alongside my … specifically her article The Gold of Migrant Labor, which as early as 1961 exposed the scandalously exploitative salaries and …

… in such a place and many moved into other suburbs such as Vrededorp, Brixton and Mayfair. Mr Tobiansky began to sell … developed in the Western areas - Martindale and Newclare, as well as Alexandra Township, were unique features in a city that …

… by former SABC chief operations officer Hlaudi Motsoeneng. As per the party’s name, which refers to Motsoeneng’s policy … religious principles. It wants to preserve marriage as an institution uniting “one man and one woman”, and end … seat in the National Assembly in 2014, taken up by Godi. As chairperson of Parliament’s Standing Committee on Public …

… note that South African events do not occur in a vacuum, as we are part of a large continent and a much larger world. … linked with the development of the atomic bomb and its use as a military deterrent. After the dropping of the Atomic … the USA and Russia fought each other in what became known as a Cold War. Their rivalry was called the Cold War because …