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This day in history

Chief Matanzima (Transkei) outlines proposals for the creation of Xhosaland a new Black super-state to include the Transkei, Ci

… outlines proposals for the creation of Xhosaland a new Black super-state to include the Transkei, Ci …

This day in history

Tiyo Soga, missionary and first ordained Black minister who published a Xhosa translation of the first part of Bunyan’s Pilgrim

… Tiyo Soga, missionary and first ordained Black minister who published a Xhosa translation of the first …

South Africa Hints At Conditional Release For Jailed Black Leaders by Alan Cowell (The New York Times), February 1, 1985

… South Africa Hints At Conditional Release For Jailed Black Leaders by Alan Cowell (The New York Times), February …

This day in history

Leaders of the Azanian People’s Organisation, the Socialist Party of Azania and the Black People’s Convention announce they wil

… Organisation, the Socialist Party of Azania and the Black People’s Convention announce they wil …

This day in history

Mpumalanga game ranger, Sibusiso Vilane, becomes the first Black South African to conquer Mount Everest, the world’s highest pe

… Mpumalanga game ranger, Sibusiso Vilane, becomes the first Black South African to conquer Mount Everest, the world’s …

This day in history

Dr. Piet Koornhof declares that, pending the implementation of the Orderly Movement and Settlement of Black Persons Bill, inter

… implementation of the Orderly Movement and Settlement of Black Persons Bill, inter …

This day in history

Justice J. Basson hands down death sentences on fourteen Blacks (Upington 14) for the murder of Lucas Sethwala, a Black police

… Blacks (Upington 14) for the murder of Lucas Sethwala, a Black police …

This day in history

Offices of the Minister of National (Black) Education, Stoffel van der Merwe, and that of Deputy Constitutional Development Min

… Offices of the Minister of National (Black) Education, Stoffel van der Merwe, and that of Deputy …

This day in history

A nationwide strike is launched by Black journalists for increased pay and for recognition of their union, the Media Workers’ A

… A nationwide strike is launched by Black journalists for increased pay and for recognition of …

This day in history

Draft laws are gazetted providing some benefits for Black people. These include greatly increased mobility and security of tenu

… Draft laws are gazetted providing some benefits for Black people. These include greatly increased mobility and …

This day in history

Legislation for three major components of the government’s plans to defuse Black grievances is introduced. Bills provide for ni

… three major components of the government’s plans to defuse Black grievances is introduced. Bills provide for ni …

This day in history

Unrest among Black workers over wage improvement continues. Police arrest 244 African workers, of whom 169 are subsequently cha

… Unrest among Black workers over wage improvement continues. Police arrest …

This day in history

Student committees decide to end the boycott of Black schools, the Congress of South African Students (COSAS) having declared i

… Student committees decide to end the boycott of Black schools, the Congress of South African Students (COSAS) …

This day in history

Faizelf Ismael, chief director Export and Investment Promotion, Dept of Trade and Industry, and former Black student leader and

… Promotion, Dept of Trade and Industry, and former Black student leader and …

This day in history

The Minister of Manpower Utilisation announces the removal of the ban on the employment of skilled Black construction workers i

… the removal of the ban on the employment of skilled Black construction workers i …

This day in history

South Africa says it has accepted a Western plan aimed at preparing Southwest Africa, now Namibia, for independence under Black

… Southwest Africa, now Namibia, for independence under Black …

This day in history

South Africa says it has accepted a Western plan aimed at preparing Southwest Africa, now Namibia, for independence under Black

… Southwest Africa, now Namibia, for independence under Black …

This day in history

Minister of National Education Louis Pienaar announces that the government will abolish restrictions on the number of Black stu

… the government will abolish restrictions on the number of Black stu …

This day in history

The Minister of Manpower Utilisation announces the removal of the ban on the employment of skilled Black construction workers i

… the removal of the ban on the employment of skilled Black construction workers i …

This day in history

Minister of National Education Louis Pienaar announces that the government will abolish restrictions on the number of Black stu

… the government will abolish restrictions on the number of Black stu …

This day in history

Immorality Amendment Act No 21 commences, extending the 1927 Immorality Act to all Black people including Coloureds and Asians.

… No 21 commences, extending the 1927 Immorality Act to all Black people including Coloureds and Asians. …

This day in history

The MEC of Gauteng unveils a commemorative stone at the site of the White and Black concentration camps at Heidelberg.

… unveils a commemorative stone at the site of the White and Black concentration camps at Heidelberg. …

This day in history

The MEC of Gauteng unveils a commemorative stone at the site of the White and Black concentration camps at Heidelberg.

… unveils a commemorative stone at the site of the White and Black concentration camps at Heidelberg. …

This day in history

Rhodesia’s first Black cabinet ministers are sworn into office after the announcement the previous day that four tribal chiefs

… Rhodesia’s first Black cabinet ministers are sworn into office after the …

Removals Continue: The case of the Brits Old Location Removal: Paper Presented at the Black Sash National Conference 1987

Removals Continue: The case of the Brits Old Location Removal: Paper Presented at the Black Sash National Conference 1987

… of the Brits Old Location Removal: Paper Presented at the Black Sash National Conference 1987 …

Black Peoples Convention: The April seminar on BPC administration and the implementation of BPC policies and National Congress resolutions

Black Peoples Convention: The April seminar on BPC administration and the implementation of BPC policies and National Congress resolutions

… Black Peoples Convention: The April seminar on BPC …

The beginning of it all: an address given to the Black Sash at their National Conference at Cape Town

The beginning of it all: an address given to the Black Sash at their National Conference at Cape Town

… The beginning of it all: an address given to the Black Sash at their National Conference at Cape Town …

Apartheid at the cost of freedom: Presidential Address to the 11th Annual National Conference of the Black Sash

Apartheid at the cost of freedom: Presidential Address to the 11th Annual National Conference of the Black Sash

… Address to the 11th Annual National Conference of the Black Sash …

Joseph 'Headman' Shabalala portrait

Joseph 'Headman' Shabalala

… Joseph Bhekizizwe Shabalala was born on 28 August in 1941 and town of Ladysmith (eMnambithi district) in the … renowned South African vocal group, Ladysmith Black Mambazo. His parents, Jonathan Mluwane Shabalala and … the group became famous for in a dream, formed Ladysmith Black Mambazo in 1960. He recruited his brothers, Headman and …

Summary: The Kingdom of Mali and the City of Timbuktu in the 14th Century

Summary: The Kingdom of Mali and the City of Timbuktu in the 14th Century

… trade routes on the continent. The Mali Empire - known in Arabic sources as Dawlat Mālī - was one of the largest, … wealthiest, and most culturally sophisticated empires in medieval world history. Founded by the Mandinka … ↩ Hunwick, J.O. 1999. Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa'di's Ta'rikh al-Sudan down to 1613 . Leiden: Brill. pp. …