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… will “cure” her of her sexuality. Following Simelane’s death, her family worked with the University of KwaZulu-Natal … South Africa” (ISSA), which she directed up until her death. 3. Kewpie Kewpie was a hairdresser and iconic queer …

… India Company fleet of England , rounds the Cape again on his way to the East. 1602 20 March , The Vereenigde Landsche … (Herry) asks passing sailors to ferry him and twenty of his followers to Robben Island . There the group remain, on … the cargo. After a year a Dutch ship fetches Janszen, his crew and the cargo. Upon his return to Holland, Janszen …

… of the year, attacks on the police increased rapidly. The death toll among policemen increased to 46 in the first three … parliament”. President De Klerk addressed parliament about his plans for an elected interim government. He desired the … De Klerk had decided to call. De Klerk announced his decision for a referendum at a meeting of the NP’s …

… acres of land, laid out the streets, and named them after his children and family - Edith, Gerty, Bertha, Toby, Sol - and called the suburb-to-be Sophiatown after his wife, Sophia. Stands were at first bought by whites. But … Vrededorp, Brixton and Mayfair. Mr Tobiansky began to sell his many unsold plots to the Africans, Coloureds and Indians …

… of the person, while often interfering severely with his or her ability to earn a living, engage in study or … been executed by hanging and currently there are 84 on death row awaiting execution, including the Upington … latter number represents nearly one third of the total death-row population. Other repressive actions against …

… protests after the Soweto student protests and the death of hundreds Fatima Meer worked closely with South … following a stroke she suffered two weeks before her death. …

… important documents which include: your birth certificate; death certificate, school and marriage certificates. It can …

… They were all sentenced to life imprisonment, and the death penalty was not handed out. Goldberg was sent to …

… by 1939. Stalin came to power on the back of Lenin’s death in 1925, after which he instituted a range of … to power as the leader of the Soviet Union by crushing his opposition in the Central Committee led by Leon Trotsky. … Stalin had emerged victorious, and went on to institute his own brand of communism in the Soviet Union. This centred …

… Leopold ideas reflected the racist ideas of most of his European counterparts at the time. He thought that Africa was "stagnant, primitive and dark", and that his rule would bring "progress, civilisation and light." … invention of the inflatable rubber tyre, which increased his profits even further. He was known locally as 'Bula …

… re-elected to office for five consecutive periods until his death in 1888. During his period in office, President Brand re-organized the …

… Association 'was killed because he refused to sell his people for thirty pieces of silver.' 24 March, South … , and many more at the Durban Central Prison, and soon his mentor and friend Chief Albert Luthuli joined them. 8 … and Omar Essack were imprisoned. Chetty was fired from his job. Choti Motala, the wife of Motala did not receive …

… butchery at a state-subsidised rental; that he had misused his office to improperly grant the rights to service stations to his friends; among others. Rajbansi was fired from the … of the President, PW Botha, and was made to apologise for his bravado. …

… this with fortitude. He took the precaution to cover in his house with a terrace, instead of an ordinary roof, in order to be safe from fire, and to secure a refuge for his family in case of a coup-de- main. Knowing that the … 1816, abandoned 1818, probably as the result of William's death FOTIMATI , Natal: No data available FRANCISTOWN , …

… Mandela, whose participation in the ANC shaped and molded his leadership skills and development, the Rivonia Trial in … the institution removed and released Mbete’s father from his position as librarian. Even in the midst of the situation … the Sharpeville Massacre of 1960 that resulted in the death of 69 people and injury of hundreds. [6] Activist …

… wife, Maria du Plessis dies. 1847 Paul Kruger marries his first wife's cousin, Gezina Susanna Frederika Wilhelmina … by the volksraad. 1851 Paul Kruger becomes field-cornet of his area, an important position in the young Transvaal … the mission was a failure because of Shepstone's report to his government. 1878 April, Paul Kruger is sent to London to …

… Pixley ka Isaka Seme is born in Natal. 1906 Seme presents his speech at Columbia University on “The Regeneration of … Seme obtains a Bachelor's degree in Civil Law and passes his first bar examinations. 1910 Seme is called to the Bar at … ANC accuse him of ‘culpable inertia' in 1932 and criticize his autocratic and cautious leadership style. 1933 May, Seme …

… Thabo Mbeki is ousted as president of the ANC after his attempt to secure a third term as ANC president fails. He … recalled by the ANC. Zuma extends an olive branch: “In his last address to the nation as head of state in September last year, he [Mbeki] demonstrated his patriotism and put the interest of the country above his …

… of Mpophomeni the following morning results in the death of Alpheus Nkabinde and the injury of at least twenty …

… on the Delagoa line to Machadodorp, where he lives on his train carriage. 11 September, Accompanied by his private secretary, Paul Kruger crosses the Komatipoort … failure, after a period of illness. He is buried next to his wife, Gezina Susanna Frederika Wilhelmina, in Pretoria. …

… & documentary photographer in South Africa. Since 1998, his work has been exhibited extensively in South Africa, Germany and the USA. His photojournalism has been published both locally and …

… by the black man of the need to rally together with his brothers around the cause of their operation – the … depicted between the position of Lionel Burger and that of his daughter, Rosa Burger. Whilst Lionel, a Communist … role and is almost revered by those around him for his commitment to the liberation movement, years later, in …

… he wrote, "it is the right and duty of every man to use his own intelligence in deciding whether or not the terrible … duty of every man, whether he up proves or not, to take his share in the work and the risks involved. If he does not … to the union at all.... In the same way the man who, when his country is at war, refuses to do his duty is a scab and …

… day the new town was named Port Elizabeth in honour of his late wife. 1820s The Hill, North End and South End are … arrives in Port Elizabeth and begins preparations for his journey inland. 1842 November, German, born Joseph … telephone exchange is built in 1919. 1901 22 January, Death of Queen Victoria. 13 April, Rats infected by bubonic …

… the land, thus making him the guardian of the ancestors. His empire extended from the fringes of the forest in the … Mali  [xxv] .  Mansa Wali would, in turn, be succeeded by his brother Wati, who was succeeded by his brother called Kahlifa  [xxvi] . Kahlifa was seen as a …

… breaks out underground at a De Beers Mine resulting in the death of 178 African and 24 white mineworkers. A commission … 23 October, Ghandi issues a public statement announcing his intention to lead the striking workers out of the mine …

… - arrived in Pretoria in 1848 [i] . At the time of his arrival , King Mzilikazi and the southern Ndebele peoples … bought two farms, the Elandspoort and Koedoespoort [iv] . His aim was to establish a new town for the new state of the … Pretorius Image source MW Pretorius named the town after his father; Andries Wilhelmus Jacobus Pretorius , who was a …

… in the suburbs of Cape Town 1985 Mandela rejects, through his daughter, Zindzi, South African President PW Botha's … FW de Klerk 1994 Mandela votes for the first time in his life The ANC wins national elections and Nelson Mandela … Africa 2004 Mandela announces that he will be reducing his public appearances to spend more time with his family and …

… From 1978 to 1990 he was bound by the restrictions of his 1950 listing. 1951 May, Walter Sisulu believed that … unity and was ‘dismayed by the attitudes he encountered in his discussions with African National Congress (ANC) branches … at the ANC’s congress in Durban on 16 December 1954, but his banning meant that he could not be present. He sent a …

… community and separation from it is sometimes worse than death. A believer's family still has influence over him or …