In time two classes of pullers emerged: those largely of mPondo background, who serviced the market areas, and those originating from the Nongoma area, most specifically those belonging to the Mandlakazi clan, who traded in the tourist areas.
Image record
amalisha-35.jpg
- Updated
- 24 Jul 2019

Franco Frescura collection
South African History Online. (2011, March 28). amalisha-35.jpg. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0039931
South African History Online (2011) 'amalisha-35.jpg', South African History Online, 28 March. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0039931 (Accessed: 6 September 2026).
South African History Online, amalisha-35.jpg [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0039931, (accessed 6 September 2026).
"amalisha-35.jpg." South African History Online, 28 Mar. 2011, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0039931. Accessed 6 Sept. 2026.
South African History Online. "amalisha-35.jpg." South African History Online. March 28, 2011. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/I-0039931.
Further reading
The ANC’s MK Special Ops Unit Material - Yunus Carrim Collection - 6 November 2025
Oyster Bay
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