The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London

Date: 12 Apr 1980
Updated: 30 Sep 2019

Following the waning of the influence of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM), members of the movement formed new groups and some joined other liberation movements such as the African National Congress (ANC). On 12 April 1980, Professor Barney Nyameko Pityana formed the Black Consciousness Movement of Azania (BCMA) in London, UK. The BCMA was an avowedly Marxist group, which used the Azanian People Organisation (AZAPO) as its political voice.

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01World Socialist Movement ,"Black consciousness in South Africa",From: World Socialist Movement ,[Online], available at: www.worldsocialism.org,[Accessed on: 11 April 2014]
02Azanian People Organisation,"This is AZAPO ",From: Azanian People Organisation ,[Omline], available at: azapo.org.za ,[Accessed on: 11 April 2014]

Last updated · 30 Sep 2019

Cite this entry

South African History Online. (2011, March 16). The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London. South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0012415

South African History Online (2011) 'The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London', South African History Online, 16 March. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0012415 (Accessed: 21 July 2026).

South African History Online, The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0012415, (accessed 21 July 2026).

"The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London." South African History Online, 16 Mar. 2011, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0012415. Accessed 21 July 2026.

South African History Online. "The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania is formed in London." South African History Online. March 16, 2011. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/E-0012415.