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… The Detention Weapon …

… weapons that the government used to quell resistance. As detention was a legal weapon that could see an individual, a group or even an … it became more commonly used. As a result deaths in detention particularly during interrogation became more … List of deaths in detention …

… of the Congress Alliance. It served as a vision of a post-apartheid South Africa, which was to be used as a mobilising and organising weapon in the struggle for democracy. The most remarkable …

… text of South African literature. The novel draws on the post-romantic sensibility of Wuthering Heights, and depicts … Dry White Season was published, it focused on the death in detention of a black activist, and caused great irritation to … life in Sophiatown, and its destruction, in Memory is the Weapon . 1988 Breyten Breytenbach's prison poetry was …

… organisation of historical silence.   Koni Benson is a post doctoral research fellow in History and at the African … of black organizations in the 1970s, and the deaths in detention of young black leaders. These included Mapetla … to the armed struggle: The revival of song as a weapon in contemporary South Africa Abstract Struggle songs …

… South Africa. 9 March, Percy Qoboza , editor of Sunday Post in Johannesburg, launches a campaign for the release of … is arrested under security laws that provide for unlimited detention without trial. 31 July, Joe Gqabi , journalist and … that ‘he unconditionally rejected violence as a political weapon’. 10 February, Nelson Mandela turns down the release …

… that African trade unions would be used as political weapon to create chaos. He added that in his opinion “We [the … for reasons of public safety . It further provided for the detention without trial for any dissent. Commenced: 4 March … Law Amendment Act No 39 of 1961 Provided for twelve-day detention. Amended: the Arms and Ammunition Act 28 of 1937 …

… of colonialism, Afrikaner nationalism, Apartheid, and the post-Apartheid era. Resisting colonialism: the ghoemaliedjies … to [W]hite domination’. [176] Satire was utilised as a ‘weapon … against [Abdullah Abdurahman’s] Afrikaner … theatre production, titled Afrikaaps, is discussed. Post-apartheid resistance: Afrikaaps A contemporary theatre …

… Anti pass protests and strikes became was a common weapon in the 1920s that was used to challenge the growing … committee member of the SACP, MK Chief of Staff and post apartheid’s first Minister of Housing   is born in … (SAFNETU) is formed. April, James La Guma is offered the post of general secretary of SAFNETU. 30 April, Pixley ka …

… from Victor Jara that remarked, “If the guitar is to be a weapon in the struggle, then the person behind it must be a … crucial weapons in defeating the apartheid government. Post-Apartheid ANC Gilder explains that there is much … still seen in society in the way Gilder still holds the post-apartheid ANC accountable for its actions. He believes …

… 12 May, The General Law Amendment Act provides for detention of people for twelve days without bail, and trial … the night a series of explosions are set off, damaging a post office, several African affairs offices and electric … South Africa signs multilateral treaty banning nuclear weapon testing in the atmosphere. 28 November, South Africa …

… and political interests. Sabotage became an effective weapon of resistance against the apartheid government. … circumstances, with most deaths arguably occurring in detention. Due to the enforced Partial State of Emergency, …

… positioning, however, stretches further back than the post-WWII era; since the early 20th century, the American … control of important sectors of the American economy, the post-WWI political culture wished for a return of the … business as well as more business in government.” [5] The post-WWI era represented a wish to return to ‘normalcy’ in …

… was inspired from abroad. Using the camera as a weapon can be considered a very natural phenomenon in … to portraying Africans as participants in the fast post-war times of the 1950's, as jazz fanatics, stylish … be effective without photographs, which were our main weapon." [29] One reason why photographs were Drum 's "main …

… and the quaint antics of our lawyers was to make arrest, detention, court appearances and court-speak part of our … in defying provincial barriers; apartheid regulations in post offices and railway stations; and the Group Areas Act. … with the entire race ”¦ Civil disobedience is a spiritual weapon ”¦ It involves a personal sacrifice ”¦ the result of …

… MK structures in Mozambique provided military training in weapon usage and in guerrilla tactics to its recruits.   … This signalled another significant feature of the post-1976 phase of armed struggle, that is, the use of … movement, imprisoned objectors and conditions in detention barracks. However, with the ascendancy of the …

… MK structures in Mozambique provided military training in weapon usage and in guerrilla tactics to its recruits. The … This signalled another significant feature of the post-1976 phase of armed struggle, that is, the use of … movement, imprisoned objectors and conditions in detention barracks. However, with the ascendancy of the …

… of the situation in South Africa, the continued detention of Mac Maharaj and the arrest of leaders of COSATU. … eightieth anniversary celebration, the ANC presents its post-apartheid policies and launches its electoral campaign. … CIA report was untrue and that "the test was of an Israeli weapon with South African specialist observers present". 26 …

… torture, the disappearance of activists, deaths in police detention, and murder. Necklacing refers to the practice of … unions joined the federations. A strike was a powerful weapon used by workers. In 1981, 342 strikes took place in …

… Angola’s hard-won victory problematic.  As with many post-colonial states, Angola was left with both economic and … Curial to Pierre Falcone who had in the past arranged weapon sales for the French government.  Together with a …

… and a decade later, in 1904, Hofmeyr retired from his post as editor. After 1915, the paper suffered from its … Oost, began his duties mid-1916 after he was released from detention in The Fort for his stance against participation in … Verwoerd warned that they were using their businesses as a weapon against Afrikaner Nationalism, and urged his readers …

… that African trade unions would be used as political weapon to create chaos. He added that in his opinion ?We [the … for reasons of public safety . It further provided for the detention without trial for any dissent. Commenced: 4 March …

… that ‘he unconditionally rejected violence as a political weapon’. 10 February, Nelson Mandela turns down the release … country residence, Chevening. April, Joe Slovo resigns his post as a Chief of Staff of MK to take up the position of … director, meet with the ANC in Frankfurt, to discuss a post-apartheid South Africa. May, Nelson Mandela meets with …

… Dutch East India Company (VOC) established a refreshment post in Table Bay (present day Cape Town).  In 1657 officials … an especially sporting nation, it was used as an effective weapon against the South African government in the years of … Zegeye, A. (2003) Media, identity and the public sphere in post-apartheid South Africa. Published by Brill. p. 106 …

… of the SADF crossed into Botswana near the Tlokweng border post in 18 vehicles fitted with fake Botswana government … easily accessible from both Mozambique and Swaziland.’ Weapon consignments destined for MK in Natal regularly passed … in Port Natal played a critical role in the abduction, detention and murder of political activists and MK operatives …

… became a medium of resistance—with the camera as a weapon in the battle against discrimination and oppression … his focus. Recent Work George Hallett, SAHO More recently, post-apartheid South African galleries and museums welcome …

… Union began to unravel as the two nations faced complex post- war decisions. USSR (communism) vs. USA and West … used during World War II. It is the largest nuclear weapon the world had ever seen at that time. The Tsar Bomba …

… industry of Natal’s port town, Durban, the main trading post for the gold fields.  Durban had to increase its … where he argued for the ban of the term “culture as a weapon of struggle”. It was time, he argued, to start writing …

… go forward using the withdrawal of their labour as their weapon - or they would go under. It was in this mood that the … of the strike than a reporting centre and observation post. The separation of Union offices and Union officials … 4,000 natives from Springs, all of them armed with some weapon or other, had not been intercepted by the police... …