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… around the issue of passes took place, and pass-burning campaigns were organised in the 1930s by the Communist Party … Resistance to the pass laws intensified during the 1950s, and various protests took place. These included … aftermath of World War II and continued growing into the 1950s and 1960s. In response to this growth and increased …

… aftermath of World War II. Consequently, throughout the 1950s unrest in African, Coloured and Indian communities … alongside Africans, Indians and Coloureds in different campaigns. Other campaigns included the Western Areas … apartheid. He became Native Affairs Minister in the early 1950s and Prime Minister in 1958. Non White Persons Only …

… leadership in 1945. Due to more militant protests, by the 1950s and 1960s several of the NIC?s leaders were in jail. … uses of business and residence. Two of the most important campaigns organized by the NIC in the early years were the … in 1961. Due to these more militant protests, by the 1950s and 1960s several of the NIC?s leaders were in jail. …

… campuses, mainly white, liberal universities. Many of the campaigns that were undertaken under its auspices were … defined the conduct of the struggle for liberation in the 1950s and 1960s were discarded and replaced by an approach … a distinct departure from the non-racial struggle of the 1950s and 1960s, whose guiding principle was enshrined in the …

… by charterists veterans who leading members of the ANC campaigns in the 1950s and MK activities in the 1960s. Some of the leading …

… that Coloured politics took another direction in the 1950s. Before the introduction of Apartheid, there were … by Coloured organisations in ANC national anti-apartheid campaigns, in particular the Defiance Campaign of 1952 . The … a major campaign like the SAIC and ANC in the 1940s and 1950s against the White government. Coloured organisations …

… (CPSA, now SACP) was quick to become involved in the campaigns and identified food supply as a political problem. … The idea of rice raids imitated a number of successful campaigns in Durban. According to Sarah Carneson , ‘The women … to involvement in the broader political struggles of the 1950s and 1960s. Dorothy Zihlangu identifies a successful …

… The TBIA was involved in the Gandhi passive resistance campaigns of 1908 and 1913. The organization was later named … associated themselves with the non-racial policy of the 1950s Congress Alliance. The Transvaal Indian Congress was … house visits, mass meetings, pamphleteering and extensive campaigns to boycott the Tricameral Parliament, municipal …

… Women's Congress (UWCO) in 1981. The organisation took up campaigns such as child care, the bread price and bus fare … since the mass meetings of the Congress Alliance in the 1950s. The initial aim of the UDF was to oppose the … the Women's Charter, both of which were drawn up in the 1950s. The body was formed by all women's organisations, …

… that Coloured politics took another direction in the 1950s. Before the introduction of Apartheid, there were … by Coloured organisations in ANC national anti-apartheid campaigns, in particular the Defiance Campaign of 1952 . The … a major campaign like the SAIC and ANC in the 1940s and 1950s against the White government. Coloured organisations …

… Campaign and the Congress of the People. During the 1950s the National Party (NP), which came into power in 1948 … regime to abandon its oppressive policies. Similar campaigns targeting specific apartheid laws such as the Bantu … conspicuous and prominent in national campaigns during the 1950s. However, the adoption of the Freedom Charter sowed …

… stayaways, consumer boycotts, rent boycotts and other campaigns continued to take place. UDF attempts at national consumer boycotts, rent boycotts and campaigns against influx control came to nothing. The UDF … Lebowa, which had also shown political awareness in the 1950s and 1960s.The UDF was trying to move into more rural …

… working conditions for teachers, the TLSA also engaged in campaigns against the Apartheid government. For instance, in … the league began withdrawing from the organisation in the 1950s, fearing state repression. In 1953 Neville Alexander … 1952 and served as vice-president of the TLSA in the mid-1950s. In the early 1960s younger members of the league …

… to new measures passed by the apartheid government in the 1950s. One of the factors that loomed large in the general … a year earlier. The May Day protest set the tone for the 1950s. Tensions and clashes between crowds of Africans … decade. In some of the incidents, these were responses to campaigns organized at a national level by the ANC. The …

… pain. While the Treason Trial was taking place, other ANC campaigns continued. On 9 August 1956 about 20 000 women … ANC and the early development of apartheid 1948-1950s …

… Resistance to Passes Pass laws inspired several resistance campaigns. Before South Africa’s transition to a union in … May 1913 they decided to pursue more aggressive anti-Pass campaigns. On 28 and 29 May they resolved never to carry … is on” precipitating a major anti-Pass campaign. Anti-Pass campaigns took place across the country. National …

… oppressive laws against Black people in South Africa. The 1950s decade was one of the periods of heightened activity in … Congress Alliance, which in 1954 embarked on a series of campaigns that resulted in the drafting of the Freedom …

… The Witness, From www.witness.co.za By the mid-to-late 1950s SOYA was wracked by internal problems, and debates … Department (Anti-CAD) representatives. The political campaigns leading up to the Sharpeville massacre seem to have …

… Movement (AAM) had unleashed a wide range of campaigns and established branches throughout the country. … status to the Union of South Africa in 1910. By the late 1950s, Britain was one of South Africa’s most significant … South Africans fleeing from apartheid in the early 1950s settled in the increasingly cosmopolitan capital of the …

… a women's leader both in the Eastern Cape and in national campaigns. In 1948 when Alexander came to Port Elizabeth to … division of labour in the industry was striking. By the 1950s, Coloured women constituted over 30 per cent of the … of the FCWU’s creation of “union schools” in the early 1950s, with the support of a number of political activists …

… conference and pledged their support for the general campaigns of the Congress Alliance. Among the African leaders … women were engaged in production work in the 1950s, the trade unionists, like the nurses and teachers, …

… as the result of group areas proclamations. [xxx] In the 1950s, after the National Party came into power and … instituted fierce segregationist legislation, a series of campaigns including the Defiance Campaign , boycotts, strikes and anti-pass campaigns were launched by the ANC and its allies. This …

… ORGANISATIONS USE AGAINST THE APARTHEID REGIME AFTER THE 1950s? SOURCE 3A  Below is a source which illustrates … to fight against Apartheid in South Africa during the 1950s  (b) Satyagraha (1 x 2) (2) A peaceful manner of … in the Freedom Charter There were anti-pass defiance campaigns People were prepared to submit themselves for …

… independence laid down the foundation for the ANC’s campaigns in the 1950s. At the same time, rapid migration into urban areas … the passing of various racially discriminatory laws in the 1950s. Africans, Coloureds and Indians were affected by …

… young people had been participating in numerous political campaigns in response to measures and laws affecting Black … had a youth wing. Young people took part in political campaigns from the early years. Many political formations … were particularly prominent in these campaigns. In the 1950s there was no distinct youth resistance to developments …

… In the 1950s the government's increasingly repressive policies began … mass political action by blacks in defiant response. The 1950s certainly proved to be a turbulent decade. We shall see … it ‘was one of the most vociferous and effective protest campaigns of any at the time' (1991:125). Protests started as …

… political gatherings. The victims of this Act in the 1950s included Albert Luthuli , Moses Kotane , J.B. Marks , … was passed as a response to the ANC?s civil disobedience campaigns. The Act granted the British governor general …

… called In the 1930s the CPSA continued to hold anti-pass campaigns and meetings on 16 December. For instance, the … rights of Black people in South Africa. However, in the 1950s and early 1960s the South African government reinforced …

… the rights of Black people in South Africa. However, the 1950s and the early 1960s, showed the intension by the South … leading to the decision to take up arms by the ANC In the 1950s it became clear to some members of the ANC and the SACP … in 1961, was the general failure of the ANC directed campaigns of the 1950s to bring about meaningful political …

… echoed the million-signature campaign of the ANC in the 1950s. Elleck began to work for the Community Resources and … activist who had been involved with Nelson Mandela in the 1950s. But in the Apel/Nkwana area, 32 people suspected of … the comrades were at the forefront of the ANC’s campaigns, and rallies were organised to welcome local …