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… and pneumonia." - Sol Plaatjie, first Secretary of the African National Congress , describing the lives of black miners in 1914. On 12 August 1946 African mine workers of the Witwatersrand went on strike … but also by delegates from a large number of African, Indian, Coloured and white organisations, as well as …

… Introduction The strike by some 76,000 black miners in 1946 was one of the most significant examples of industrial … of land in the reserves. Even before the formation of the African Mine Workers Union (AMWU), miners engaged in a series … two days. The Passive Resistance Council of the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) also pledged support for the strike, …

… The TIC (Transvaal Indian congress) was first called the TBIA (Transvaal British … functioned under the umbrella organization, the South African Indian Congress (SAIC) . However, in the 1930s -1940s … Dr. Dadoo was elected to the parties’ leadership in 1946. By the mid-60s the activities of the TIC had declined …

… parties we want to represent us in Parliament. The South African Parliament has two bodies or groups. The one is … Provincial Leaders …

… 2010 marks 150th anniversary of the arrival of the Indian indentured workers and the birth of this community in … the forbearers of the majority of present-day South African Indians. After completing their indenture, many … 1940’s the Pegging Acts of 1942 – 43 and the Ghetto Act of 1946 were passed. This act gave the government the right to …

… The NIC (Natal Indian Congress) was the first of the Indian Congresses to be … under the umbrella organization, the SAIC (South African Indian Congress). However, in the 1930s-1940s the NIC … to the NIC leadership in 1945 and he led the NIC in the 1946 Indian Passive Resistance Campaign (see SAIC history) in …

… is characterised firstly by the introduction of indentured Indian labourers into Natal and of the "passenger" Indians … British Indian Council (CBIC – before 1917), and the South African Indian Congress (SAIC - 1919). During the Gandhi … (NIC) in 1945 and the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) in 1946 respectively. The NIC and the TIC jointly led a passive …

… - made provision for the appointment of a Protector of Indian Immigrants 1876 The Free State Republic passes … right of residence. 1885 The Volksraad of the South African Republic (Transvaal) passes Law 3 of 1885 , which … for a further period of three years, until 31 March 1946. In Natal, the position in Durban is to be pegged so …

… South African leaders South Africa has a long and very rich history. Many … for others. To read more about other remarkable South African leaders, visit SAHO's People page Nelson Mandela … Gandhi is possibly the most internationally celebrated Indian. His message of passive resistance and a non-violent …

… The Transvaal Indian Youth Congress (TIYC) was formed in Transvaal (now … formation was precipitated by dynamics within the South African Indian Congress (SAIC). There was a general feeling … the Indian community by infusing a younger leadership. In 1946 Dr. Monty Naicker became leader of the Natal Indian …

… emphasizes  Nelson Mandela  and  Mahatma Gandhi  as great leaders, focusing on the qualities they possess and using … follow the example of good leaders? Further reading 1. African Traditional leaders 2. For an A-Z of South African profiles visit www.sahistory.org.za/people …

… Glossary: Learning from Leaders …

… Johannesburg Historical & community Leaders …

… Pretoria Historical & community Leaders …

… 1946 Passive Resistance Campaign Introduction ↵ An acute … shortage forced White settlers in Natal to plead to the Indian Government to send its citizens to work in their cane … permanent right of residence. The Volksraad of the South African Republic (as the Transvaal was then known) passed the …

… Indian South Africans Timeline: 1940-1949 1940 January, A … hygiene and ambulance services in support of the South African Second World War effort. The depleted Natal Indian … strikes and then begging for donations to support workers. 1946 8-12 February, Monty Naicker attends the SAIC conference …

… highest authority. The leadership control of traditional leaders changed when the colonial authority and rulers … leader was accountable to his people. The Black South African population was organised into group with a … of setting up new separate political institutions for the African population. This was reinforced by the passing of the …

… to settle permanently in the colony. The indentured Indian labourers were also entitled to a gift of crown land … at Indians, Law 3 of 1885 , is passed in the South African Republic, or the Transvaal. 1. This law shall apply … renewed for further period of three years to 31 March 1946. ii) In Durban the position is to be pegged. No Indian …

… The Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa is a political lobby group which … chiefs in South Africa. It seeks to work with the South African government, which is currently led by the African National Congress (ANC) towards a more unified and … Leaves: Governance in  Traditional Authority; A Southern African Perspective , Cape Town: LIT Verlag Munster.|Hweshe, …

… of the Wragg Commission being appointed to investigate Indian immigration laws, yet six years later he became one of the strongest opponents of Indian immigration into the Colony of Natal.  Bills were … Natal Legislative Assembly with the intention of curbing Indian immigration.  The Indian Immigration Trust Board …

… Indian South Africans Timeline: 1950-1959 1950 A.K.M. Docrat … Chief Luthuli . Sisulu was anxious to emphasise Indo-African unity and was ‘dismayed by the attitudes he … 1955. He quoted from Dr Naicker’s speeches between 1946 and 1954 to argue that cumulatively they ‘vilified’ …

… to freedom - The 160th anniversary of the arrival of Indian workers in South Africa  The feature on Indian South … build a comprehensive social and political history of this African community. Origins: South Africans of Indian origin … the forbearers of the majority of present-day South African Indians. With 1994 and the advent of a democratic …

… South African Student Organisation Leaders …

… 1930 The Durban Municipality was a major employer of Indian labour, employing an average of 2 000 workers through … employees were among the lowest paid workers in Durban. A 1946 survey of the 6,140 residents of the Magazine Barracks … The Government of India sends a telegram to the South African Government in protest against the proposed Transvaal …

… Estate a hospital was converted into a schoolroom for Indian children on the estate. 1865 A report ?Native Schools … help of the Education Department, Indian teachers and the leaders of the local Indian community. They also toured much … schools were primary schools. January 1928, The South African Indian Congress (S.A.I.C) passed a resolution …

… Indian South Africans Timeline: 2000 2008 16 November, Billy … 'Kukri' Appavoo was honoured by the House of Traditional Leaders for his role in the underground struggle. His son, Dr … Indian South Africans timeline 2000s …

… with and resistance to apartheid. Calls were made by the Indian Congress to reject the plans of the newly elected … as Robertsham, about 10km from the city, but community leaders refused to be housed there. Eventually some accepted … life. Identical to the famous matchbox houses provided for African people in Soweto, they consisted of a kitchen, …

… The Natal Indian Association (NIA) was formed when the Natal Indian … NIC and the CBSIA to unite. [5] Prior to this, the South African Indian Congress (SAIC) representatives had gone to … A. I. Kajee (with SR Naidoo, Joint Hon. of the South African Indian Congress) who wanted to attend a mass of the …

… [Accessed: 18 February 2015] South African History Online, (2014), ‘ Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ’, from South African History Online, [online], Available at … [Accessed: 18 February 2015] South African History Online, (2014), ‘ Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela … References and links: Learning from Leaders …

… THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA, 1924-1946 by ESSOP PAHAD D. Phil Thesis, University of Sussex, … to Segregation Negotiations between the Indian and South African Governments The Round Table Conference Reactions to … of Indian Political Movements in South Africa, 1924 - 1946 by Essop Pahad …