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… The Women's Defence of the Constitution League In 1955 a small group of white middle-class women who were predominantly … formed an organization called The Women's Defence of the Constitution League. Founder members were Jean …

… 1971 Closure of The Classic , by Nat Nakasa , editor. Publication of ‘ Sounds of a Cowhide Drum’ , Oswald Mtshali’s first book of poetry, …

… story about three Xhosa men that is told in the setting of the mountains of the Eastern Cape during a period of the male Xhosa initiation, which is referred to as …

… Within a decade, irregularities in the employment of Indians had increased to such an extent that that the … in 1885, to investigate the conditions and complaints of Indian immigrants. The Governor, Sir Henry Ernest Bulwer … the Wragg Commission as it came to be known consisted of Mr Justice Walter Thomas Wragg, James Renault Saunders, …

… The outbreak of the First World War was precipitated by the assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand and his … The assassination itself set in motion the network of military alliances that had been set up since the late …

… was formed in Transvaal (now Gauteng) as the youth wing of the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC)  in 1945. Its … Indian Congress (SAIC). There was a general feeling of the need to rejuvenate politics within the Indian … leadership. In 1946 Dr. Monty Naicker became leader of the Natal Indian Congress while Dr. Yusuf M. Dadoo took …

… The first formal settlement of the Algoa Bay region took place in 1776 when a number of farms were allocated to local Dutch graziers. In 1799 the … at Uitenhage. The post was designed to house a garrison of 380 men, which not only provided local farmers with a …

… More than two and a half centuries prior to the birth of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela , Jan Van Riebeeck and his expedition of Dutch Calvinist settlers landed at the Cape on 6 April … through trade with the indigenous population (mainly of Khoikhoi extraction) derogatorily referred to as …

… insisted that we had been appropriating more and more of their land which had been theirs all these centuries... … they went to Holland, and they added: 'It would be of little consequence if you people stayed at the fort, but … ..." - Jan van Riebeeck. (Morris, M. (2004). Every Step of the Way: The Journey to Freedom in South Africa, Cape …

… perceived as a life line the United Nations and the rest of the world were throwing to Africa in order to save the … Goals was introduced in September 2000 [ii] in the midst of the United Nations Millennium Declaration, and officially implemented in 2001. [iii] The purpose of these goals was to function as an outline for evaluating …

… Born in Randfontein, South Africa, in 1930, the third son of Eli Goldblatt and Olga Light, both of whom came to South Africa as children with their parents, to escape the persecution of the Lithuanian Jewish communities in the 1890s. 'Unlike …

… Background and History The South African Association of Art Historians launched a journal in 1987. Accredited by the Department of Education and Training, the journal contains refereed … and book reviews. Published initially by the Bureau of Scientific Research, the journal was shared with the …

… it called the ‘Cold War’ ? The reason lay in the threat of new and even deadlier weapons of nuclear technology that prevented outright open warfare. … by conflict through proxy wars, the manipulation of more vulnerable states through extensive military and …   USSR and USA and the creation of spheres of interest :   - installation of Soviet-friendly …

… Indians were officially recognised as a permanent part of the South African population and the Department of Indian Affairs was established with a White minister. … Nationalist Party government (Nats) to accept the presence of Indians in South Africa as a permanent reality, albeit as …

… Xhosa community The pre-1994 apartheid system of homelands or 'Bantusans' denied Xhosa people South African … to confine them to the nominally self-governing homelands of the Transkei and Ciskei, now both part of the Eastern Cape Province. Today, the large majority of …

… comes into being. 1652 Jan van Riebeeck, a representative of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), establishes a station at the Cape of Good Hope, at the southern tip of Africa. 1656 The first conflict between the Dutch and …

… Spain. (These men were later murdered by the inhabitants of the island for mistreating them.) On his second voyage, … colonists fought among themselves and with the inhabitants of the island. They were greedy and complained that there was … 'discovered' the Americas in 1492, he was made governor of the new territories. These conquests were soon followed by …

… March 20, 1602 marked the beginning of the inexorable end for many a state in the then known world. On that day, four hundred years ago, a group of Dutch merchants and independent trading companies, … established over the spice trade with East Asia at the end of the fifteenth century and keeping the British imperial …

… Peoples’ Organisation  (APO) resolution to declare the day of arrival of the Prince of Wales as a day of mourning in protest against the …

… from 1950 Conclusion 1910-1950 By 1950, the population of New Brighton had grown from 3,650 in 1911 to 35,000. Almost all of the population was Black. This polarisation was reinforced by the Native Urban Areas Act of 1923 which required municipalities to establish separate …

… behaves from rivers elsewhere, but the manners and customs of the Egyptians themselves seem to be the opposite of the typical practices of mankind’. - Herodotus. When Herodotus, the ancient Greek …

… is Passed. The Native Affairs Act was yet another spin-off of the South African Native Affairs Commissions report of 1905. It paves the way for the creation of a countrywide system of tribally based, but government …

… working on a piece loosely based on Aime Cesaire’s version of the Tempest for 2015.  It has been hard to say that this … its parts were and are enormous. On Friday the 25th of September we were treated to the ambitious work and I … to the stuff they dished out at the Homecoming Centre of District Six. Their “Storming”, billed as a loose …

… Early years The history of the South African Defence Force (SADF) can be traced to … at the Cape in 1652, he had with him a small contingent of soldiers, divided into two groups. The first were … from possible attacks from the original inhabitants of the Cape. In 1681 a defence unit of 300 men was …

… For this activity students will take on the role of a traveler like Marco Polo. They can be taking the role of a trader, a general traveler or someone visiting a … relative who lives in Mapungubwe.   The will write a dairy of their stay in Mapungubwe. They should also draw what they …

… A series of legislations were passed by the NP led government in the … operate underground, some were banned or endorsed out of Cape Town while others were detained and tried. By the … the apartheid government was needed. In 1959 a group of Africanists led by Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe broke away …

… move around from place to place, following a nomadic way of life. The invention of the bow and arrow. The San invented their own type of bow and arrow in order to hunt effectively. They useda …

… culture, develop an Afrikaner economy, and to gain control of the South African government. During the 1930s the … van Afrikaanse Kultuurvereniginge (FAK - Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Societies) which acted as an umbrella … cultural groups, and took over the original cultural remit of the AB. The Afrikaner Broederbond , meanwhile, evolved …

… This article was written by Jarvis Pruitt and forms part of the SAHO and Southern Methodist University partnership … went by her middle name, Noel, and died at the late age of 95. Ninety five years well spent. Ninety five years that … her life as a schoolteacher and Honorary Life President of the Black Sash. The Black Sash organization was an …

… for this is that there are very few written accounts of the mfecane, which makes it very difficult to determine … new oral traditions were born to suit the changing make-up of society. Europeans also did not really interpret or understand the stories and lessons and so a lot of information on the mfecane is unconfirmed in writing. Most …