Conclusion by Howard Barrell
… actually changed between 1976 and 1986 - indeed, from the 1960s. Vula would be the final attempt by the ANC - or, more … struggle, particularly the disaster it had led to in the 1960s, could be justified and rationalised only if the ANC … victory in South Africa. Hence, from the early 1960s, ANC self-justification and pride, indeed identity, …