African Women`s Resistance to the Pass Laws in South Africa 1950-1960, by Elizabeth S. Schmidt
… long hours at the pass office, weeks in cells awaiting trial, forced farm labour". They had seen their men subjected … detained. Forty-four women and three men ultimately stood trial. (24) By 1954, the issuance of residence permits to … women were arrested, and 400 offered themselves for trial. Mired in confusion, the case was finally abandoned. …