Historical Overview of Black Resistance, 1932-1952 - The Congress of the People and Freedom Charter Campaign by Ismail Vadi, New Delhi, 1995
… "radical leadership at the outset of the 1930s, cut its links with African trade unions, and functioned almost … ANC leadership did not consider it crucial to forge strong links with the African working class, to develop African … the task proved to be extremely difficult and whatever links there existed remained tenuous and fragile and rural …