Gender and deviance in South African industrial schools and reformatories for girls, 1911-1934 by Linda Chisholm
… an examination of the different social and ideological processes by which the girls were criminalised and … 'residuum' was discursively fixed, along with its rural counterpart, as the 'poor white'. It stood on the … exclusion, and through the objectification involved in the processes of categorising, classifying, and institutionally …