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… youth. Early 1920s Walter is exposed to a mediated version of Marcus Garvey’s Pan-African liberation for black people … Walter has his first experience of organized industrial action. 1931 At mid-year, some time after his 120-day … held from 1949 to1954. At the same congress, the military Programme of Action was adopted. This would become a major …

… not think you have seriously altered the main conclusions of my article. Of course we all believe we are more virtuous … C.P. insists are: real trade union organisation; strike action not to be ruled out; and freedom of all workers to … in order. My own idea is to start with a less ambitious programme, building up one trade union at a time and seeing …

… The South African Students Movement (SASM) an organisation of mainly high school students was formed to represent … policy; the role of White people in the struggle; its programme of action; and the question of armed struggle’. While many …

… successive governments since shortly after the founding of the Cape of Good Hope, Natal and the Boer Republics. The … culminated in the formation of a 33-member Franchise Action Council (FRAC) as a direct reply to the government's … demanded the ANC to subscribe to the NEUM's Ten-points programme of minimum demands. This forced the APO president, …

… Paper on apartheid presented by R M Resha on behalf of the African National Congress of South Africa to the United Nations Human Rights Seminar on … Brazil, 23 August to 5th September, 1966. Presents history of apartheid in South Africa and examines current apartheid …

… 1940 Dr. A.B. Xuma is elected President-General of the African National Congress (ANC). Walter Sisulu joins … whom had spent ten hours daily in assisting the recruiting programme. 20 September, The Indian Agent-General, Sir … including women from the Transvaal. Police again take no action. 18 June, Dr Dadoo flies to Durban to study the …

… five thousand delegates to this 53rd National Conference of the African National Congress, gathered at the University … and social security. Inspired by the theme of UNITY IN ACTION TOWARDS SOCIO-ECONOMIC FREEDOM, we reviewed the … of the Cadre and commit to implementing a decade-long programme of organizational renewal to safeguard the core …

… The remarks of the Honourable Judge President Mr Justice De Wet, in passing sentence in the matter of the State vs Mandela and others, held in Pretoria, South … In the Supreme Court of South Africa before the Honourable Judge President Mr Justice De Wet, in passing sentence in the matter of the State vs Mandela and others, held in Pretoria, South …

… today has its roots in: (1) the barbarism and injustices of market supremacism, racial supremacism and patriarchy; (2) the inadequacy of liberal democracy; (3) the excesses of commandist … individual and collective agency  to mobilize collective action for social change;   the need for committed, …

… [Note: The questions of the members of the Working Group are briefly indicated in italics. The … station demanding my release, as a reprisal for this action food was withdrawn. When I was at Marshall Square, the … by Moosa Muhammed Moolla before the Ad Hoc Working Group of the Commission on Human Rights, Dar es Salaam, 22 June 1967 …

… Minutes of a meeting between a South African delegation and a United … between a South African delegation led by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Honourable R F Botha and a United … States delegation led by Dr C Crocker, Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs: Pretoria, 16 November 1984 …

… Testimony of the Rev. Samuel Jacobus Brander, the Rev. Joshua Mphothleng Mphela, and Stephen Nguato of the Ethiopian Catholic Church in Zion, before the South …

… (ANC) abandoning its traditional reliance on tactics of moderation such as petitions and deputations. In December 1949, with the support of the ANC Youth League, a new leadership came to power in … with a commitment to militant African nationalism and mass action and to tactics of boycotts, strikes and civil …

… Director of Ceremonies, Veteran volunteer organisers of the Congress of the People, Deputy President of the … the millions of activists of all nations, who took action to help us achieve our liberation. He is here today to … Thabo Mbeki at the Celebration the 50th Anniversary of the Freedom Charter, Kliptown, Johannesburg, 26 June 2005 …

… Council and governments worldwide condemned the police action and the apartheid policies that prompted this violent … by Ronel Segal into the then British controlled territory of Bechunaland. He was followed by Dr. Yusuf Dadoo, Chairperson of the South African Indian Congress and Chairperson of the …

… A. A simple answer would be that they are the members of the Africanist Movement. But, if one wishes to go deeper … social intentions, especially in the ultimate future. 3. A Programme. The first two demands, Lembede himself met, while … activity as distinct from principled programmatic action. That is why they have welcomed our emergence. Q: What …

… in 1923 - did not accomplish much to improve the lives of black South Africans. Short of funds and poorly organised, it was overshadowed by the … leaders could not mobilize their members for large-scale action. Isolated incidents such as livestock theft, work …

… The position of South Africa in international affairs remained important … and the USA did not support it. The one possible form of action against South Africa was the introduction of economic … against South Africa by the General Assembly, with a new programme of action being introduced the following year. In …

… Congress (ANC) leadership evolved to be more inclined to action than passive deputation, but very little was achieved … which called for ‘comprehensive segregation’. The effects of their protests were however, not far reaching, and their … became a mass movement most active in the 1920s. For much of the 1920s the ANC was considered moribund, with the ICU …

… THE SOUTH AFRICAN-GOVERNMENT/NATIONAL PARTY TAKING NOTE of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 200 of 1993 as amended; and TAKING NOTE … Foreword - The Congress of the People and Freedom Charter Campaign by Ismail Vadi, …

… In Angola in the spring of 1988 the armed forces of apartheid South Africa and the US-backed mercenaries of Jonas Savimbi were defeated by the combined force of the … The Military Defeat of the South Africans in Angola by Horace Campbell (Monthly …

… This Twenty-third Conference of the South African Indian Congress meets at a time when the Indian people of South Africa have completed a hundred years of their stay in this country. It is meeting at a time when … Presidential Address to the Twenty-Third Conference of the South African Indian Congress, Durban, September 3, …

… Since the banning of the African National Congress on April, 1960, three conferences which were in the nature of general consultations have been held by the A.N.C. The first of these was held at Lobatsi in October 1962 and was attended … Directive Concerning the Nature of the Forthcoming ANC Consultative Conference in Morogoro by …

… We received with great shock and anger the news of the brazen and outrageous invasion of the Kingdom of Lesotho by the racist South African army on December 9th. … Letter from Oliver Tambo to the Prime Minister of Lesotho, Dr. Leabua Jonathan, 13 January 1982 …

… Document 42 - Leon Trotsky, "Closer to the Proletarians of the Colored' Races!", The Militant, 2 July 1932 … International Secretariat: Copy to the National Committee of the American League: I have received a copy of the letter of an organization of Negro comrades from …

… Presidential Address To The Eleventh Annual Conference Of The Natal Indian Congress, Durban, November 21, 1958 64 Mr … Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, The 11th Annual Conference of the Natal Indian Congress assembles at a time when our … grave concern in every Indian home in the Union for one of the avowed aims of this diabolical legislation is to …

… At Thursday evening's session of the Industrial Commercial Workers (Amalgamated) Union of South Africa, Mr. Selby Msimang (president) delivered his … delegates upon their labours at this the second meeting of the Assembly of the I.C.W.U. When they had first assembled …

… marching in the procession to bid farewell to the veterans of our movement, paying our last respects to the fallen spears of the nation from a generation now reaching the end of a long and heroic struggle. Those of us from that … Tribute at the funeral service of Walter Sisulu by Nelson Mandela (News 24), 25 January 2011 …

… this year, took place against a favourable backdrop of positive developments towards independence for Namibia, and chances of a durable peace in the People`s Republic of Angola. The optimism we shared in Harare was interspersed … Statement by Oliver Tambo to the ordinary Congress of the Socialist International, 20 June 1989, Stockholm …

… I sit in the half-empty carriage and page through one of his first photographic essays,  Imijondolo: A photographic … in South Africa  (1985). Despite the grim subject matter of the work – the impending forced removal of a community of quarter of a million people living in the …