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… Buthelezi. Buthelezi was so angered by this that he called on all traditional leaders to break all of their ties with … overthrowing of that regime. While the ANC focused more on the liberation of blacks from an oppressive regime in South Africa, CONTRALESA put much more emphasis on resisting the homeland systems known as the Bantustans. …

… in progress that will be added to over time. Please click on the contribute icon on this page if you would like to add an event. 1880 - 1904 … passes a resolution objecting to the statement made on 17 October. 1946 15 March, The Asiatic Land Tenure and …

… that was to increase in intensity when the British arrived on the scene. The Xhosa fought for one hundred years to … December 1838, reported that: "Port Elizabeth is situated on the foot of a steep hill, at the margin of Algoa Bay; it … segregated city'. [PAGEBREAK] Colonial segregation Click on image to enlarge The early population of Port Elizabeth …

… years. No protection for those who had acquired interests on proclaimed (mining) land. Anti-Indian Legislation: The … of hostility between the European inhabitants of the Union on the one hand and any other section of the inhabitants of the Union on the other hand' (Dugard 1978: 177). Commenced: 21 May 1930 …

… Tomlinson, who was appointed to advise the government on how apartheid should be put into practice, advised the … improve farming in the homelands and to set up factories on their borders. This would eventually provide enough … government at this stage refused to spend so much of money on farming improvements or on business in the reserves. As a …

… war in the Transvaal and the Orange Free State are camping on the city's beaches, while a further 3,000 are being … Preservation Ordinance of 1903 to be issued with permits on request, Indians, as a rule, are refused permits and … are to be carried at all times and must be produced on request to a police officer under penalty of a fine or …

… ka Seme succeeded Josiah Gumede as president general on 30 April 1930; Reverend R Mahabane replaced Gumede as … tabled Riotous Assemblies Amendment Bill. To read extracts on the proceedings and resolutions click here . 30 April, At … of hostility between the European inhabitants of the Union on the one hand and any other section of the inhabitants of …

… neoliberal policies since the 1990s. My analysis focuses on the disadvantaged economic situation of the African racial … economic motivations and consequences. Secondly, I draw on data from the most recent census to show that the African … economic legacy as it built the post-apartheid economy on top of an unfair repressive system. The Rise and Fall of …

… books from January 1956. A demonstration was held on the 27th of October 1955 and was attended by 2 000 women. On the 9th of August 1956, the women of the league confronted … co-ordinate, and draw up a women's charter, based on the priorities and concerns of women, from all walks of …

… we have broken it up into 3 pages: Use the page navigation on the right or bottom of the page Introduction During the … the representatives of the 'White' minority. Voters on separate ethnic voter's roles would elect the members of … and school, rent and consumer boycotts. Violence erupted on many occasions, and the Government responded by declaring …

… when the discovery of diamonds at Kimberly and of gold on the Witwatersrand spurred the industrialisation and … is made to give influx control offenders employment on farms due the shortage of labour there. 1948 The … Act is passed. This legalises the removals scheme. 1955-62 On 9 February 1955, the removals begin in Sophiatown. The …

… wage, equality, fraternity and freedom. This feature on labour will be regularly updated alongside features on Land, Migrant Indenture, Slavery and the Liberation …

… People are the most complex creatures on earth. Many aspects of human behaviour demonstrates a … The reasons become very clear when we see, altogether on one map, some of the evidence of forms of human life that …

… SAHO is planning two other conferences for 2012 - one on the history of the Women’s movement and the other on Culture and the Freedom struggle.         …

… suckle chlorine gas and nebulisers for popsickles Bring on the drums and the trumpets)   CNN serves tea and biscuits … Just for you   I chased off the lions Off the storms Rode on the wings of the gwala-gwala For you   Bonang ke mo hula … like a little cry-baby)   7. Grounding   8. Lunatics on the Border Radio Broadcast: A sudden increase in the …

… Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town. BLUE BOOK ON NATIVE AFFAIRS. 1880. Ministerial Department of Native … Report and Proceedings ... of the Government Commission on Native Laws and Customs. Cape Town: WA Richards and Sons, … Cape Town: Richards and Sons. FRERE, Sir H Bartle. 1883. On Systems of Land Tenure among Aboriginal Tribes in South …

… five years she was a part of our world. Ruth was born on December 25, 1913 in Plymouth, England to her parents … school and all of the staff, including Robb, lived on the premises. After working several years at St Cyprians … After seeing each other for a while, they decided to marry on December 28, 1939. Francis did not allow his wife to work …

… Journal, with about sixty of his people,) paid me a visit on my arrival at George Town, on the road to Bethelsdorp, in March, 1813, when he requested … only a few months before my return to that country. "On revisiting this kraal in 1819, in company with Dr Philip, …

… the magazine. By the 1990s they were openly taking sides on political issues and discussing the future of women’s … necessary to make an informed decision about their stance on abortion laws. The platform that many anti-abortion groups … in South Africa each year. SPEAK politically took a side on the topic of abortion demanding that ‘ women must campaign …

… by putting a range of skilled jobs beyond their reach on the basis of ‘competency’.” (Morris: 2004) Lillian Ngoyi , … in the Cape province].” Sol Plaaitjie wrote of the act: “”¦on Friday morning, 20 June 1913, the South African native … Charlotte Manye Maxeke is arrested along with 800 women on an anti-pass march to the town hall. A SANNC delegation …

… Cape campaign culminated in March 1939 in a massive march on Parliament against residential segregation" March 1, The … supporters, Dahyabhai Govindji, is disembowelled and dies on 8 June. Nine other persons are injured four seriously and … Campaign (as decided upon at the earlier meeting of 7 May) on 1 August. July 19, Mahatma Gandhi sends a telegram to Dr. …

… and disadvantageous for women. An introductory background on South African customary law will be presented by way of … the development of customary law over time, focusing on three historical periods: colonialism, the apartheid era … the application of customary law in court and its impact on outcomes and verdicts, and the extent to which customary …

… where there was personal involvement, memory can be relied on. To know about events earlier than this, elderly relatives … oldest material will be at the bottom and the most recent on top. Things which have been left exactly where people … in "primary context". By making maps of the material left on a site, archaeologists can suggest how different people …

… that encouraged and motivated South Africa to try and hold on to Namibia throughout the many years of revolution, 1966 – … of SWAPO who was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment on Robben Island, off Cape Town’s coast. In 1966, SWAPO … In the 1980s, the political pressure was increasing on the South Africans. For example, the United Nation (UN) …

… the government introduced numerous legislations based on racial classification. For example, the legislative basis … ethnicity involved more visible local communities, built on face to face signal of dialect, kinship, status, religion, cultural practices, and on the force of understanding and fear produced by rural …

… five major policy programmes outlined in The White Paper on the Reconstruction and Development Programme (1995) as … in terms of economic growth which impacted negatively on the policy itself. It was indicated that the new … gathering of new taxes, rather focusing, far too narrowly on fiscal prudence and the reallocation of existing revenues. …

… the Jaroslav and the Veronej, which arrived in Cape Town on the 13 and 18 September with members of the South African Native Labour Contingent (SANLC) on board. It was established that both ships had docked at … ensured that the virus travelled with infected miners on their way to the mines or home. According to Philips, …