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… Both the HoR and HoD were characterised by impotence and incompetence. Examples include one NPP MP … accepting bribes and other misdemeanours, he was protected by PW Botha. When the NPP lost its majority in the HoD, a … Group Areas Act, the Labour Party opposed the application by an Indian person to be reclassified as ‘Coloured’. When …

… areas, which in any event were predominantly occupied by Asiatics, there were no restrictions. Because of these … as a: "special area in which a persecuted race is shut off by itself, segregated, denied the benefits of sharing in the … would serve for five years and would not be affected by the dissolution of the legislative bodies for a general …

… each. The farms were entered into a register and signed by the Field Cornet and Magistrate. Such property was also … Republiek (ZAR) a town was officially run by a Landdrost. The appointment of such a person was only official after ratification by the Executive Council. With the appointment of a Landdrost …

… deal with the heavy handed nature of the crackdown meted by the state on its political activists. Secondly, “the slogan of ‘No bail, no defence, no fine!’ adopted by the PAC during the March 1960 anti-pass (or, as the PAC … of mobilising support to violently overthrow the state by distributing pamphlets in Cape Town threatening violence …

… is a South African political organization, established by Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, which encouraged a resurgent Zulu … Yesizwe (Inkatha Freedom Nation) which was formed in 1928 by King Solomon Dinizulu.  In 1975, Chief Gatsha Buthelezi … the first Legislative Assembly of KwaZulu was constituted by South African Parliamentary Proclamation. Chief Mangosutho …

… to the 1924 election, the South African Party (SAP), led by Louis Botha , supported a one stream policy which … entice significant Coloured support in the election cycle by offering Coloureds a “New Deal.” The deal involved … Whites. The NP’s objective was to bolster White supremacy by undercutting potential Black political strength. And it …

… after all, now it has transpired, has taken most of us by surprise. On Friday afternoon last, the 16th inst, the … to the baseless figments so industriously circulated by certain agitators. Coolies have popularly become connected … But happily on Saturday morning every fear was set at rest by the favorable report of Dr Holland, the health officer, …

… liberation for black people via village meetings arranged by Wellington Buthelezi, a visiting Natalian who assumed an … cousin’s identity to be accepted as a migrant labourer by the mine recruitment office. Sisulu travels 1000 kilometres to Johannesburg by train, only to be judged too young for underground work on …

… EXPERIENCE a unique sound! Buy a CD by the  Insurrections Ensembles , a collection of … Claude Cozens, Tina Schouw and Malika Ndlovu. Produced by South Africa History Online (SAHO) Centre for Humanities …

… at the South African Council of Churches Conference by Fr. Michael Lapsley, Chaplain to the Trauma Centre for … Unfair Discrimination Bill (B57-99) ... read on 1972 paper by the Rt. Rev. Ambrose Reeves 'State And Church In South …

… of our situation and suggest steps that could be taken by the Government to meet the position. I have addressed this … This fact has long been attested to from time to time by economic experts and by findings of Government Commissions. Recently, as a result …

… piece of legislation invalid, which requires confirmation by the Constitutional Court; or as a Bill parliament asks the … or any conduct of the President must be confirmed by the Constitutional Court before it has any effect. If the … themselves with the case and the position taken by each party. Sometimes at this point other interested …

… will trace its function in the political struggle waged by Black and Colored musicians against the apartheid regime, … work of one artist particularly. While Abdullah Ibrahim is by no means the only South African musician to use jazz for … music and the ‘tribal’ past or rural present was begun by missionaries and had become entrenched in African society, …

… the  Liberal Party of South Africa  (LPSA) was not banned by the government, its members were not spared the wrath of … methods were adopted.  The NCL was formed late in 1960 by a small group consisting of about 11 people, including … The organisation hoped to attract an African following by undertaking acts of sabotage against government …

… to Indians. 1904 The ‘Coolie Location’ is struck by bubonic plague. 20 March, The mixed population is … born. 1912 - 1934 112 stands are transferred to Indians. By 1934 the racial character of Pageview had changed a great deal by becoming racially mixed as a result of the unavailability …

… often characterized as anti-social behaviour frowned upon by polite sections of society. There is no doubt that the … like Kortboy and Don Mattera in Sophiatown was despised by many as "anti social". Tom Lodge however, suggests that in … quite well armed, having gained .303 rifles brought back by returning soldiers. Don Mattera describes the Berliners: …

… although for the greater part of the time it was subdued by bannings and the ANC's growing stature as the more … The exiled PAC responded to the June 16 Soweto upr isings by establishing the camp. The Ruvu settlement started during … and other developmental activities. Ruvu was conceived by Leballo to be similar to the ANC's 'June 16 Detachment' …

… a World War 2 military transit camp, Wentworth is flanked by the industrial area of Jacobs and an oil refinery, and is … children playing with a fish in a bucket, recently caught by a White youth of about 18 who, kicks Robert (of mixed … him read "Coloured: A profile of 2 million South Africans" by Al J. Venter, an unusually progressive book for its time. …

… and an outpost. Initially the island was inhabited by a variety of wild life, including birds, penguins, seals … underneath an inscribed stone for collection and delivery by a home-going vessel. This continued after Jan van Riebeeck … such as road-building. This plan was accepted and by 1845 the island had become a home for the Colony's …

… reality. Some of the first attempts to fly was made by attaching big wings to a persons arms and trying to flap … Montgolfier brothers designed a balloon that was powered by hot air. This hot air was produced by a wood fire. That year the first known human flight took …

… Zuma . Zuma was appointed as Deputy President in 1999 by President Mbeki, indicating an alliance of sorts between … [2]   One of the reasons for this split, as outlined by Jan-Jan Joubert on Polititcsweb , was that “Mbeki had used … of the ANC. Jacob Zuma’s more populist style, evidenced by the singing of apartheid era struggle songs, stood in …

… The Eastern Cape is regarded by many as the cradle of Black resistance against White oppression. After the defeat of the Xhosa by the British in the frontier wars, three significant … education meant to serve the colonial order. As a result, by the 1870s, a small educated African elite emerged in the …

… outright open warfare. The Cold War was characterised by conflict through proxy wars, the manipulation of more … Did you know?  The term “Cold War” was first used by George Orwell, author of the book satirizing Stalinism, … formulation and implementation of common policy documents by the USSR for its East European territories that heralded …

… there was an agreement that the right to vote be enjoyed by Coloureds and Africans in the Cape Province (currently … Government made up of Afrikanar Nationalist Party headed by General Hertzog and the South African Labour Party took … in the Eastern Cape. In 1950 the Nationalist Party headed by DF Malan changed the constitution to remove the right of …

… he lives on his train carriage. 11 September, Accompanied by his private secretary, Paul Kruger crosses the Komatipoort … Dutch cruiser, De Gelderland, that is diverted from sea by Queen Wilhelmina of Holland. 22 November, Paul Kruger … Fietas, Johannesburg : The 'Coolie Location' is struck by bubonic plague. 20 March, Fietas, Johannesburg: The mixed …

… the Western Cape Civic Association (WCCA) was influenced by charterists veterans who leading members of the ANC … The WCCA broke away from the CAHAC and thus was dominated by Africans with permanent residence rights. In 1984 Johnson … attempt to force people in KTC were being forced to move by the government to Khayelitsha. Ngxobongwana collaborated …

… Rose-Innes and Edith Woods. The WEAU tried to gain support by holding meetings and writing newspaper articles; it was a … efforts of the WEAU with bored but stubborn indifference. By the 1920s, with Afrikaner women workers beginning to enter … the granting of votes to white women as a political tool. By passing legislation to give the vote to white women in …

… December Truth and Reconciliation Commission approved by parliament. Local government elections announced for 1 … in KwaZulu/Natal (26th). Final constitution approved by the constitutional court and signed by president Mandela. …

… on August 9th 1956 to protest the carrying of passes by African Women. Lets us name the women and tell their … communities , as mothers, wives and activists. Help  us by sending us the name and biographical details our members …

… at 10pm on SABC 2. The Big Debate season 10 is hosted by Redi Tlhabi and is made possible by Luminate, Open Society Foundation and Ford Foundation. …