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… King Leopold II of Belgium handed over the Congo to the Belgian state on this date. Previously he held it as a … private project undertaken to extract rubber and ivory in the Congo region of central Africa. He operated under the … Congo Free State becomes the Belgian Congo …

… The Munitoria building, a municipal building in Pretoria burned down in 1997. The fire spread though the building very quickly and was already out of control by … The western wing of Munitoria burns down …

… The aim of The Federation of South African Trade Unions (FOSATU) was to … be a national umbrella organisation that could coordinate the movements of Black trade unions. The Federation came into being after the South African … The Federation of South African trade unions …

… The Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) was the underground military wing of the Pan African Congress (PAC). APLA was formed in the 1960s, … The Azanian People’s Liberation Army (APLA) disbands …

… In October 1963, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided in Baden … racial discrimination in sport before 31 December 1963, or the country would not be permitted to send a team to the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo. Though the deadline was … B.J. & Spies, S.B. (eds)(1993).  South Africa in the 20th Century, Pretoria:  Van Schaik Academic, pp. 431 & …

… supported his plea for a republic. This was also the first time in 12 years of government that the National Party (NP) was able to gain a majority in … went to London in March 1961 to give formal notice to the Conference of Commonwealth Prime Ministers that South …

… Stellenbosch University students engaged in a fight with the town’s Coloured residents on the corner of Andringa and Plein Street in Stellenbosch. [i] According to reports, the crowd had gathered at a local café in order to purchase … 1940. Historia. 50(2): p. 179-209.|Grundlingh, A. The Battle of Andringa Street. 2016. [Online]. Available: …

… Zephania (Zeph) Mothopeng, President of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) since 1984 dies in Johannesburg at the age of 77. Mothopeng's death came at the time when the PAC was in need of stable leadership during … Thami ka Plaatjie, The PAC's Internal Underground Activities 1960-1980, in The …

… Report from a meeting between representatives of the South African Government and the United States Government to discuss the military withdrawal from Angola and the monitoring of the … Summary notes of the meeting between South Africa and the United States: London, 13-14 January 1982 …

… Delegates at the multiparty Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA) negotiation endorsed the Interim Constitution according to which SA would have a … democratic elections on 27 April 1994. This document was the final product of the amended draft issued in July 1993. …

… The 1996 Atlanta Olympics marked the 100 year celebration of the Olympic Games. The event, unofficially known as the … Terror strikes the Olympics Games in Atlanta …

… Organisational Report of the African National Congress National Executive Committee by the Secretary-General, Alfred Nzo to the First Legal National Conference of the ANC in Durban, 2-6 … Organisational Report of the National Executive Committee …

… This day recalls the date of the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA,GA), of the United Nations Convention for the Suppression of the … Education Scotland," International Day for the Abolition of Slavery - 2 December ",From :  Education …

… Albert John Mvumbi Luthuli, president of the then banned African National Congress (ANC), was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1960 for advocating non-violent … to racial discrimination in South Africa. Though the apartheid government restricted his movements, Luthuli …

… Four former cabinet ministers from the apartheid era appeared before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The four were former Minister of Law and Order Adriaan Vlok, … Appearance of former ministers before the TRC …

… Handwritten letter from Isaac Tembani protesting about the forced removals of the Mfengu people from their land in Tsitsikamma to Kieskammahoek. The letter appeals against the evictions and explains the … Letter from Isaac Tembani protesting the forced removals of the Mfengu people from their land in …

… Krugersdorp was the hometown of engineer George Pratley who founded the Pratley research group (PTY) and went on to invent Pratley Putty in the early 1960's. Pratley Putty was used by NASA in 1969 on … South African invention lands on the moon …

… In the Mpanza valley in the Umvoti dis­trict, a minor chief of the Zondi, Bambatha ka Mancinza Zondi (also spelt Bambada, … Chief of the Zondi, Bambata is killed …

… Shortly after the signing of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1991, the South African government entered into a Comprehensive … fas,' Treaty on the non-profileration of nuclear weapons ',[online],Available … SA signs Safeguards Agreement with the IAEA …

… Piet Retief's visit to Dingane's kraal in October 1837 was the beginning of an eventful relationship between the Zulu and the Voortrekkers. Retief was in high spirits at the prospect … The possessions of Piet Retief are auctioned …

… The flag of the British South Africa Company (BSAC) or Chartered Company was hoisted in Bulawayo, the Matabele capital, after the Company's forces, led by Major Patrick Forbes, drove the … The BSAC flag is hoisted in Bulawayo …

… Journal article about the motion passed at a synod meeting of the Church of the Province of South Africa, that, aware of the number of … Motion passed at the 43rd Provincial Synod Meeting of the Church of Province of Southern Africa …

… of passive resistance and non-violent campaigns left the Tolstoy Farm in Transvaal (now known as the Gauteng Province). After being with numerous people, he … Hermann Kallenbach and a few Africans who lived there. The farm, initially known as Roodepoort No. 49 was a 1100 …

… The Amnesty Committee of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) refused amnesty to Janusz Walus and Clive Derby-Lewis, the assassins of Chris Hani, leader of the South African Communist Party (SACP). Walus, a Polish … The doj & cd, Amnesty denied to Hani killers , from …

… On 1 February 1963, a statement announcing the collapse of the Federation of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe ) and Nyasaland (now Malawi ) was made. In 1959, before the fall of the federation, nationalist movements within the … [Accessed: 20 January 2012]|History of the World, ‘History of Zambia’ , from historyworld , …

… The African National Congress (ANC) threatened in an open … W. de Klerk to suspend constitutional negotiations until the government meets its demands for an end to violence. … Adriaan Vlok and Magnus Malan, punishing members of the security forces implicated in violence, outlawing the …

… Qwaqwa was one of the ten homelands in South Africa introduced by the apartheid government. It was home to the Batlokoa and Bakwena Southern Sotho sub-tribes. The word … The QwaQwa homeland receives self-government status …

… Vogelstruisleegte, a plain some 21 km North of Willowmore. The people who roam the Karoo, are the descendants of the San (Bushman) and Khoi who are Ancient … Amikoob, a Plain in the Willomore Area; (Vogelstruisleegte) …

… 1989, ex-mutineers in exile considered resigning from the African National Congress (ANC). This came after the suppression of political and cultural renewal by the ANC and the banishment of nine members of the ANC at … Z., Massango, R. and Mbengo, L. (1990). ‘Resignation from the ANC’ in Searchlight South Africa, Vol 2. No 1, July 1990 …

… Lekota and Moses (Moss) Chikane, collectively known as the "Big Three", were arrested in April 1989 and charged with treason. At the time of their arrest the country was rife with unrest. School, rent and consumer … independence to mid-1997, Westport: Greenwood.| nytimes, ' The Big Three are convicted of treason ' ,[Online]Available …