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… through the community arts sector in the 1980s. Viewed by some contemporaries as a teen prodigy, Mandindi’s … prophecies led directly to the subjugation of the Xhosa by the British settlers. Seen in this context the painting is … (1985), Mandindi dealt with the theme of Nonqawuse by contextualising her within the contemporary struggle …

… to Lusaka.  Fezekile claimed to have been abused and raped by ANC members starting at the age of five when she was in … dismissed. During the trial, Fezekile was called a bitch by the African National Congress Women's League (ANCWL) , threatened by the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) and the …

… him orphaned at the age of two. He was then taken care of by friends and family before being given to a Methodist … in England in 1940. Almost the entire print was destroyed by a bomb in London during the World War II. During World War … the war he went to live in Namibia where he was taken in by an Afrikaans family. It is here that he obtained his third …

… allegedly spent time in Zimbabwe doing some work tasked by the  African National Congress  (ANC), but the … of the organisation's Richmond branch. This was followed by his election as the Secretary General of the ANC in the … to link him directly to the 18 murders alleged committed by members of his defence unit. The acquittal came as a shock …

… in chief of the Boer War, where he fought the guerrillas by burning farms and herding women and children into … opinion, he warned that the conflict would be decided by Britain's last 1,000,000 men. He rapidly enlisted and … for a succession of entirely new 'Kitchener armies'. By the end of 1915 he was convinced of the need for military …

… or shortly before 1896, his education was overseen by an uncle after Kadalie's father in 1904.  In 1912, … he was a qualified teacher, and he was already assigned by Dr. Laws to run district schools.After  teaching for a … career as a trade unionist. In 1923, Kadalie was replaced by James La Guma as the administrator of the union and he was …

… the Second World War was declared in September 1939, by the Royal Air Force. He flew Spitfires against the … South Africa to take care of the business interests left by his deceased father, Sir Abe Bailey. His initial plan was … in the Colesberg district. In 1951 Bailey was approached by journalist Robert Crisp to help finance a new magazine …

… and Barnato set out to dominate the diamond industry by trying to buy up all the shares that came onto the market. … prices soared as Rhodes tried to outwit his competitor by enticing Barnato's shareholders to sell to his agents. … the two companies as De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. by promising to make him one of the four life-governors, by …

… He could not complete his matric as he was interrupted by his involvement in the  Student Uprisings . In January … and Sipho Thobela before they were driven to Maputo by the current Deputy President of the ANC,  Jacob Zuma . … with his friends Solomon and Lucky Mahlangu, were selected by MK commander  Joe Modise  for military training at the …

… northwards, away from his home near the Pongola River, by the Ndwandwe, shortly after the beginning of his reign. … to avoid the worst of the Zulu invasion, which was driven by  Shaka , and the mfecane, through diplomacy. He managed to … under Sobhuza I did defeat the invading Zulu forces by adopting their military strategy. There is some contention …

… "Cape Town has just been voted as the top city in the world by the prestigious Time Out publication. And I fully agree … was later incorporated into District Six on the mountain side of Constitution St was part of District Five. The upper … led South past these lands to False Bay on the Eastern side of the Cape Peninsula and on beyond Muizenberg and Kalk …

… By the 1970s a number of leading figures in the ANC were in … countries played an important role for the ANC in exile by allowing the organisation to establish military training … while waiting for their contact on the South Africa side of the border. Tokyo Sexwale throws a hand grenade into …

… father Peter and Uncle Graeme represented South Africa. By the age of 11 he was excelling at various sports. He … for cricket overtook his studies, and he was signed up by the Natal Dolphins as opening batsman. In 1995 he played … scandal. Pollock was replaced as South African captain by Graeme Smith and remains an integral part of the squad. In …

… From the book:  Side by Side by Helen Joseph In January 1957 we were back again in the …

… From the book:  My Spirit Is Not Banned by Frances Baard and Barbie Schreiner We had to work very … we went back to where we had left our car parked at the side of the road away from the meeting, and there they were. …

… independence. Ngcuka proved many of his critics wrong by first creating a very efficient prosecuting authority, and … He concluded his investigation against Jacob Zuma by stating that there was prima facie evidence of corruption, … in the opposition and legal profession complained that by saying this, he was acting as prosecutor and judge: if …

… of Fort Hare went on strike to protest against the refusal by the rector to recognize the University Christian Movement … BCM leaders, he was slapped with a five year banning order by the government. He was forbidden from meeting with one or … crackdown on the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) by the government, some of the activists fled the country to …

… Africanist groups. Membership of the Africanist group was by invitation. He was part of the group in Orlando East, with … a volunteer, and in the mid-1950s, while employed by the Bantu World; he became part of the circle of militant … the bulletin in 1955 and was succeeded three years later by Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe. The Africanist group was at …

… in Orange Grove, Johannesburg.  He attended a school run by a Roman Catholic religious order, the Marist Brothers.  At … when he came across a pamphlet, Marxism and Modern Science by Maurice Cornforth.  To pass his time he began reading it … finished it before the end of the invigilation period.  By the end of it Press’s interest was aroused.  At the …

… and Thought as major subjects. This degree was followed by a Diploma in Native Affairs at the same university, which … the kraal, was published in 1955, and was followed in 1960 by The peoples of South Africa: race studies/or Standard VII … father of the Crown Prince, Goodwill Zwelithini, and by extension, father of the Zulu nation, at KwaVulindela …

… Sobukwe was exposed to literature at an early age by his oldest brother. His earliest education was at a … six years studying with financial assistance provided by George Caley, the school’s headmaster, and completed his … his interest in politics. This new focus was fuelled by the influence of one of his lecturers, Cecil Ntloko, a …

… he could not speak Dutch. He was subsequently employed by Crown Mines on Number 5 shaft as a timberman and … a Fordsburg shopkeeper. Marais had been found guilty by the Strike Committee of being a police informant and was sentenced to death. He was taken by a party of three to a back street and shot on 11 March. He …

… northwards, away from his home near the Pongola River, by the Ndwandwe, shortly after the beginning of his reign. … to avoid the worst of the Zulu invasion, which was driven by  Shaka , and the mfecane, through diplomacy. He managed to … under Sobhuza I did defeat the invading Zulu forces by adopting their military strategy. There is some contention …

… and taught himself with the help of technical books and by viewing the work of other photographers. Matthews started … the International Year of Youth which was sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural … exhibitions of 1983 and 1984, and the book and exhibition by Dieter Koeve and Tim Besserer entitled Nichts Wird Uns …

… six years later in 1975. In 1979, the novel was banned by the Apartheid government; however, it was published … internationally under the title Between Two Worlds by Longman African Classics. In 1980, Tlali published her … the Quag (initially titled Soweto Stories ) was published by Pandora Press. As an author Tlali has travelled the world …

… administration with the United Party (UP) formed by  J B M Hertzog and  J C Smuts . He became the Transvaal … and any change required a two-thirds majority approval by both Houses of Parliament. Strijdom abandoned any scruples … enlarged, and changed the composition of, both the Senate (by the Senate Act of 1956) and the Appellate Division of the …

… Union. In 1972, he was captured near Caprivi (bordered by Botswana, Namibia and Zambia) by the then Rhodesian security while trying to infiltrate … it is believed that Boshielo was captured and incarcerated by Ian Smith's forces in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). Boshielo …

… born in Berlin, Germany on 18 March 1931. He was raised by his mother, Rosemarie, the only child in a single-parent … marriage to a Portuguese woman whom he did not identify by name in his memoir. He married his third wife, Claudia … company, printing amateur pictures. This was followed by a position at a studio photographing families. Generous …

… which he directed for the next seven years. Inspired by the death of Black Consciousness leader Steve Biko in … the “banality of evil”. The Interrogators was continued by a series of 20 drawings based on the death of Biko. His … study at the Royal College of Art in London. Disappointed by the continuous build up of tension and oppression in South …

… the anthem. Additional verses to the anthem were added by the renowned IsiXhosa national poet, Samuel E.K. Mqhayi. … first recorded on  16 October 1923, in London, accompanied by Sylvia Colenso (The daughter of Bishop Colenso of Natal) … the whole song was published in the form of a pamphlet by The Lovedale Press. The anthem was also included in the …