Nelson Mandela and the last Afrikaner leaders by Hermann Giliomee (Politics Web), 12 May 2015
… Mandela confronted the fact that the government of the Transkei, which was the putative homeland of most Xhosa, had … 1976. In terms of a 1971 law, Mandela who was born in the Transkei, would lose his South African citizenship. … faced an entirely new development: the independence of the Transkei, which was sure to be followed by other Bantustans. …