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… and nation builder would be an inspiration to those who would later fight for Angolan independence. The Kingdom … of Kongo , but broke free in the early 1500s. The Ngola who ruled the Kingdom of Ndongo would be appointed after an … Democratice Futures” in Macalester International: Vol. 10, Article 9, Spring 2001. Page 55. ↵ [2] Linda Heywod and Louis …

… political opponents. A favourite target was J. H. Hofmeyr who was expected to succeed Jan Smuts as Premier and whose … Council. Despite this, he was at the forefront of those who ended Coloured representation in Parliament in 1956. In … from the racial "Apartheid" (separation) which had been an article of faith for the National party since 1948. The new …

… Act following the death in detention of Joseph Mdluli , who was both his friend and his client. In May 1978, while …

… most recognisable figure. It was Biko, along with others who guided the movement of student discontent into a … broader BCM, which cannot be dealt with in detail in this article, can be read here. Suffice to say that Steve … in the car in the backyard. But I was instructed by my guys not to meet Steve because of problems within the …

… such as Helen Suzman , Betty Sachs and Hilda Bernstein , who tried to change South Africa from the inside. After … While he was on bail, the massacre of 69 Black people shot down by the police at Sharpeville in 1960 brought world … ordered the immediate re-arrest of all the others indicted who were still free. During the Treason Trial he did a number …

… including Griffiths Mxenge , a human rights lawyer who was stabbed 40 times at Umlazi Stadium in Durban, and Sizwe Kondile , a law graduate from the Eastern Cape who was interrogated and beaten then handed over to Coetzee who had him shot and his body burned. In 1970 he joined the police and …

… had "grown up a 'normal' complacent white South African" who "unthinkingly accepted the system and for twenty-one … the political prisoners would escape, leaving behind two who were nearing the end of their sentences. One of the … Prison  in 2003.[2] In 1995, Jenkin wrote a 6-part article series called  Talking to Vula: The Story of the …

… came to see me. They asked me if I had been informed that my appeal had been dismissed. I told them I was not interested to know from them what my advocate said. They then said there was still a chance for … on Vuyisile Mini" ,  "Let us together honour those who brought hope" by Thabo Mbeki  and "Songs for Freedom - …

… with hard labour, together with his wife and Ramdutt, who was then only two years old. Dayal, who was proficient in Hindi, was actively involved in … namely History of passive resistance in South Africa, My experiences of South Africa, Story of my prison-life, …

… by arranging Afrikaans poems, the most famous being “Op my ou ramkietjie”. The words to this song were written by C. …

… heroes of our struggle - well done I would like to express my concern in light of some of the most questions that our children always ask about e.g.  The Rivonia trail who were involved and how did they end up in Robben Island?  … who is featured on the site. However, after reading the article about him, I showed it to my dad, who immediately …

… apartheid’s greatest injustices was that it divided people who shared the same cultural heritage and who spoke the same language based on the difference in the … acknowledged as a budding poet. In 1961, he wrote Kitaar My Kruis (Guitar My Cross), which criticised racial …

… Council Board of Directors, replacing a predecessor who had surrendered to the removal. As the resistance grew, … Removal Committee meeting in Driefontein, her husband was shot and killed by a police officer for his anti-removal … against forced removals, Mkhize hid political activists who were on the run from the authorities, providing them a …

… She was a transgender woman, and a prominent activist, who focused on the rights of black transgender sex workers. … abuse and discrimination she experienced from her family, who refused to accept her gender identity. She took drugs and … Cape Town”, 20 October 2014, https://www.groundup.org.za/article/getting-health-care-sex-workers-cape-town_2366/ …

… West Africa (Namibia). In 1922 Zibi met a white ex-soldier who informed him of the availability of land in the Western … publications, no. 28 • T.D.M. SKOTA (ed.),  The African who's who: an illustrated classified register and national …

… Captain P.L. du Toit, the two Security Branch policemen, who made the arrest and interrogated Haffejee denied that … a grieving mother I cannot forget this terrible ordeal.  My heart will always cry for my son." For more than 40 years … why police had initially arrested and tortured Hoosen, who had never confirmed having an allegiance to any political …

… of her work, and how it has changed post 1994: “I told my children that if I had not become an artist I am convinced … record our history the same way as a writer. I have seen my art communicating faster than any book could have. I did …

… and English at UNISA, wanting to become a reporter who sometimes took their own pictures. A church group donated … queers and the dispossessed, and giving voice to those who are rarely heard above the furore of mainstream media … which is a non-binary transgender identity and my work deals with issues around the gaze, whiteness, …

… million black majority. He described Coloureds and Indians who went along with the Tricameral Parliament as `the junior … he was one of only a few prominent anti-apartheid leaders who were not restricted. He was also not charged in the 1985 … blocks from the court, Strydom parked, then, laughing, he shot an eighty-eight year old woman, an Indian storekeeper, …

… to combat looting, and sjamboked nine individuals who were allegedly guilty . On 15 March 1922, after the … He was taken by a party of three to a back street and shot on 11 March. He died in the Johannesburg hospital the … among members of the Labour Party and National Party, who claimed that this was yet another example of the …

… in the High Court of Namibia, found that Lubowski had been shot dead by Donald Acheson, an Irish national. Judge Levy … suspicion, what was clearly lacking was a credible witness who could confirm the existence of the conspiracy and with …

… men behind the hut burnings”¦From time to time, ever since my arrival in Cala in June 1957, I have had trouble with Alex …

… Gladstone Mose and Xolelwa Virginia Shosha. He was shot dead. Within weeks, theTranskei President Chief Kaiser … shots. Thunzi’s mother was horrified. When she demanded who were they shooting at, the police replied, “He is a … to him that they had shot someone, he said. He knew who they were and he had opened a murder docket. He had not …

… Adajan, near Surat, at the age of thirty-five. And it is my mournful duty to pay a humble tribute to a fellow-worker. … When he joined the struggle, I must confess, I had my doubts about his ability to go through it. But he soon …

… was a South African photographer and photojournalist who dedicated his life to exposing the brutality of the … And when Nelson Mandela was sworn in as president, who else was there to capture the transition but the bald one … photographs of the bullet riddled bodies of MK guerillas, shot by apartheid police during the 1980 siege of Silverton ; …

… a journalist, and is as such context-driven: 'I think that my early work in newspapers is quite formative in my art work … iconic visibility to female leaders and women of courage who were active in the fight against Apartheid , like … testimonies and accounts being played back to the subjects who listen to their statements whilst being filmed in a photo …

… running of his business. Political activist, Ahmed Timol , who died at the hands of the Security Police in 1971, used … followed by screams.  It was the “most terrible moment of my life” she told the Truth and Reconciliation Commission … trial, she suggested to her lawyer that he contact Timol who would be able to shed light on the literature found in …

… [R1] in cash and £1 [R2] for his partner and child, who joined in June 1961. His partner, who had never left Sekhukhuneland before, travelled by train … visitors were, “Nkadimeng is not worried. The struggle of my people goes on and I am satisfied.” Nkadimeng was …

… away in King William’s Town , Eastern Cape. The Woods, who were impressed by his philosophy and persuasive ideas, … the police arrived at their home to harass the labourers who were working on their house. Woods acted quickly, … she got to the border, she was met with a border official who was in the throes of giving up smoking. As he perused …

… he went all over Natal distributing food to the workers who were on strike. He was arrested in November 1913, and … ‘You must not order firing. I undertake to induce my people peacefully to return to work.’ General Lukin was … his method of love. Sorabji reasoned with the labourers who came round and returned to their work. Thus a number of …